Sugarcane vinasse is a residue generated at a rate fifteen times greater than the ethanol production. Because of its high organic and micronutrient content, this residue is used as a fertilizer on sugarcane crops. However, when used in large quantities, vinasse can saturate the soil and contaminate nearby water resources by percolation and leaching. Given the proven toxic potential of in natura vinasse, the present study aimed to evaluate the toxic potential of leached sugarcane vinasse using Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as a test organism. A bioassay was performed after vinasse percolation in laboratory soil columns. The bioassay included one control group containing fresh water and two treatment groups, the first exposed to a 2,5% dilution of leached of vinasse and the second to a 2,5% dilution of in natura vinasse. After exposure, histopathological analysis was performed in gills and livers, and the latter were labelled for HSP70 proteins. No significant changes were detected in the gills of the exposed fish. However, in the liver, both in natura and leached vinasse induced statistically significant histopathological changes. These changes include hydropic degeneration, cell boundary losses, pyknotic nuclei and cellular disorganization. HSP70 expression significant increase in liver of both treatment groups were observed, being higher for the in natura vinasse exposed group. Results suggested that both leached vinasse and in natura vinasse were toxic, its still able to provoke histological changes and induce the cytoprotective response in exposed fish liver, evidenced by a immunostaining of cellular stress proteins. Thus, in order to reduce its environmental impact, appropriated effluent disposal is essential.

甘蔗酒糟是一种残留物，其产生速率比乙醇产量高15倍。由于其高的有机和微量营养素含量，该残留物被用作甘蔗作物的肥料。但是，酒醋大量使用时，会因渗滤和浸出而使土壤饱和并污染附近的水资源。鉴于已证明的天然酒糟中的潜在毒性，本研究旨在评估使用尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）浸出的甘蔗酒糟的潜在毒性。）作为测试生物。酒糟在实验室土壤柱中渗滤后进行生物测定。该生物测定法包括一个含有淡水的对照组和两个处理组，第一个处理组暴露于2.5％的稀释度的酒糟中，而第二个暴露于2.5％的天然酿造的酒糟中。暴露后，在g和肝脏中进行组织病理学分析，并为后者标记HSP70蛋白。在裸露的鱼the中未检测到显着变化。但是，在肝脏中，无论是在自然界中和浸出的酒糟诱发了统计上显着的组织病理学变化。这些变化包括水生变性，细胞边界损失，缩聚核和细胞组织紊乱。观察到两个治疗组的肝脏中HSP70表达均显着增加，而在暴露于天然酒糟的组中则更高。结果表明，浸出的酒糟和天然酒糟均具有毒性，其仍能引起组织学变化并诱导裸露的鱼肝中的细胞保护反应，这是通过细胞应激蛋白的免疫染色证明的。因此，为了减少其对环境的影响，适当的废水处理至关重要。