Background

Over the past decade, substantial advances have been made in the study of cellobiose 2-epimerase (CE). CE participates in the recently discovered mannan metabolism and catalyzes the interconversion of D-glucose residues at the reducing end of mannooligosaccharides. This enzyme also exhibits different degrees of epimerization and isomerization activities towards different saccharides.

Scope and approach

This review addresses the latest research on the enzymatic properties, structural information, and technical advances relating to CE.

Key findings and conclusions

CE is attractive because this enzyme can convert lactose into its epimeric and isomeric forms, epilactose and lactulose, respectively. Epilactose and lactulose are candidate functional food materials that confer significant economic value to CE in the dairy industry. Although a broad range of CEs from different mesophilic and thermophilic microorganisms have been characterized, the present knowledge about the relationship between the function and structure of CE is limited and not connected to further genetic modifications for potential CE applications. Thus, more attention has been paid to the midstream and downstream processes for industrial applications of CE. A number of studies on CE have been performed to seek out better industrial applications. However, further efforts are needed to understand the underlying enzymatic reaction mechanism and protein engineering to fulfill the full potential of CE.

中文翻译：

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纤维二糖2-表异构酶的最新研究：酶性质，机理见解以及在乳制品行业中的潜在应用

背景

在过去的十年中，纤维二糖2-表异构酶（CE）的研究取得了实质性进展。CE参与最近发现的甘露聚糖代谢，并催化甘露寡糖还原端的D-葡萄糖残基相互转化。该酶还对不同的糖类表现出不同程度的差向异构和异构化活性。

范围和方法

这篇综述涉及与CE相关的酶学性质，结构信息和技术进步的最新研究。

主要发现和结论

CE是有吸引力的，因为该酶可以将乳糖分别转化成其异构体和异构体形式，即乳糖和乳果糖。乳果糖和乳果糖是候选功能性食品材料，可为乳制品行业的CE带来显着的经济价值。尽管已经表征了来自不同的嗜温和嗜热微生物的多种CE，但是关于CE的功能和结构之间的关系的当前知识是有限的，并且与潜在的CE应用的进一步的遗传修饰无关。因此，对CE工业应用的中下游工艺给予了更多的关注。为了寻求更好的工业应用，已经进行了许多关于CE的研究。然而，