Rapid advancements in multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) for energy harvesting and self‐powered sensing must be partnered with corresponding advances in durability and heat‐resistance, especially under harsh working conditions. A device suitable for harsh environmental applications based on the wear‐resistant triboelectric material is reported. The working modes of the harsh‐environmental TENG (heTENG) are composed of freestanding and single electrode that enable both harvesting sliding/vibration energy and self‐powered vibrational sensing. For the first time, a TENG possessing wear resistance, withstanding high temperature, and high hardness is achieved by employing micro–nanocomposite for triboelectric materials. It is demonstrated to be directly used as a key supporting part, such as automobile's brake pads. In addition, it is found that the heTENG outputs 221 V, 27.9 µA cm⁻², and 33.4 µC cm⁻². Furthermore, since heTENG is vibration‐sensitive, the automobile's self‐powered smart braking system and sensor network are developed successfully which can automatically provide a precise early‐warning signals, such as a reminder for brake replacement, and an indicator for tire overloading, and pressure. This work shows a new strategy to enhance the performance of triboelectric materials, making it applicable to harsh environments, as well as potential applications in autonomous vehicles and industrial brakes.

中文翻译：

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耐恶劣环境的摩擦电纳米发电机及其在自动驾驶安全警告中的应用

多功能摩擦发电纳米发电机（TENG）的快速发展，尤其是在恶劣的工作条件下，必须与耐用性和耐热性的相应进步相结合，以实现能量收集和自供电传感。报道了一种基于耐磨摩擦电材料的适用于恶劣环境应用的设备。恶劣环境的TENG（heTENG）的工作模式由独立式电极和单个电极组成，可同时获取滑动/振动能量和自供电的振动感应。通过将微纳米复合材料用于摩擦电材料，首次获得了具有耐磨性，耐高温和高硬度的TENG。它被证明可直接用作关键的支撑部件，例如汽车的刹车片。此外，^-2和33.4 µC cm ^-2。此外，由于heTENG对振动敏感，因此成功开发了汽车的自供电智能制动系统和传感器网络，该网络可以自动提供精确的预警信号，例如更换制动器的提醒和轮胎超载的指示器，以及压力。这项工作显示了提高摩擦电材料性能的新策略，使其适用于恶劣环境以及自动驾驶汽车和工业制动器的潜在应用。