Developing a reliable and high-performing direct hydrocarbon symmetric solid oxide fuel cells (SSOFCs) is promising to achieve the simple and durable operation in natural gas. Here we demonstrate a durable SSOFC with a ceramic oxide material simultaneously used as symmetric electrode that performs outstandingly in dry methane at anode side and ambient air at cathode side. This cell shows high performance with strong resistances against both coking and sulfur poisoning in dry fuel without any steam as reforming agent. At 800 °C, the cell exhibits a low polarization resistance of 0.027 Ω cm² in air and 0.074 Ω cm² in 5% H₂. When the cell is further optimized by implementing a nanostructured electrode, the high peak power densities of 1.05 W cm⁻² in H₂ and 0.4 W cm⁻² in CH₄ are achieved at 800 °C. To our best knowledge, this is the highest performance among SSOFCs using ceramic oxide as symmetric electrode in dry methane. The cell exhibits a very stable performance under a constant current load of 1.0 A cm⁻² for 1060 h with even slight performance increase. In addition, the electrode is structurally stable in various fuels, suggesting that the cell can be operated in flexible gas conditions.

开发可靠且高性能的直接烃对称固体氧化物燃料电池（S SOFC）有望在天然气中实现简单，持久的运行。在这里，我们展示了一种耐用的S SOFC，它具有陶瓷氧化物材料，同时用作对称电极，在阳极侧的干燥甲烷和阴极侧的环境空气中表现出色。该电池在不使用任何蒸汽作为重整剂的情况下，表现出高性能，对干燃料中的焦化和硫中毒具有强大的抵抗力。在800℃时，电池表现出0.027Ωcm的低极化电阻²在空气中和0.074Ω厘米²在5％H ₂。当通过实施纳米结构电极进一步优化电池时，在800°C时可实现H ₂中1.05 W cm ^-2和CH ₄中0.4 W cm ^-2的高峰值功率密度。据我们所知，这是使用陶瓷氧化物作为对称电极的S SOFC在干甲烷中的最高性能。该电池在1.0 A cm ^-2的恒定电流负载下持续1060 h表现出非常稳定的性能，甚至性能略有提高。此外，电极在各种燃料中的结构稳定，表明该电池可在灵活的气体条件下运行。