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Climate model shows large-scale wind and solar farms in the Sahara increase rain and vegetation
Science ( IF 44.7 ) Pub Date : 2018-09-06 , DOI: 10.1126/science.aar5629
Yan Li 1, 2, 3 , Eugenia Kalnay 1, 4 , Safa Motesharrei 1, 4, 5 , Jorge Rivas , Fred Kucharski 6 , Daniel Kirk-Davidoff 1 , Eviatar Bach 1, 4 , Ning Zeng 1, 7
Affiliation  

More energy, more rain Energy generation by wind and solar farms could reduce carbon emissions and thus mitigate anthropogenic climate change. But is this its only benefit? Li et al. conducted experiments using a climate model to show that the installation of large-scale wind and solar power generation facilities in the Sahara could cause more local rainfall, particularly in the neighboring Sahel region. This effect, caused by a combination of increased surface drag and reduced albedo, could increase coverage by vegetation, creating a positive feedback that would further increase rainfall. Science, this issue p. 1019 Large wind and solar farms could increase local rainfall and vegetation cover in the Sahara. Wind and solar farms offer a major pathway to clean, renewable energies. However, these farms would significantly change land surface properties, and, if sufficiently large, the farms may lead to unintended climate consequences. In this study, we used a climate model with dynamic vegetation to show that large-scale installations of wind and solar farms covering the Sahara lead to a local temperature increase and more than a twofold precipitation increase, especially in the Sahel, through increased surface friction and reduced albedo. The resulting increase in vegetation further enhances precipitation, creating a positive albedo–precipitation–vegetation feedback that contributes ~80% of the precipitation increase for wind farms. This local enhancement is scale dependent and is particular to the Sahara, with small impacts in other deserts.

中文翻译:

气候模型显示撒哈拉的大型风能和太阳能农场增加了降雨和植被

更多能源,更多雨水 风能和太阳能发电场发电可以减少碳排放,从而缓解人为气候变化。但这是唯一的好处吗?李等人。使用气候模型进行的实验表明,在撒哈拉沙漠安装大型风能和太阳能发电设施可能会导致更多的当地降雨,特别是在邻近的萨赫勒地区。这种由增加的表面阻力和减少的反照率共同引起的效应可能会增加植被的覆盖率,从而产生进一步增加降雨量的正反馈。科学,这个问题 p。1019 大型风能和太阳能发电厂可以增加撒哈拉地区的当地降雨量和植被覆盖率。风能和太阳能发电场为清洁、可再生能源提供了主要途径。然而,这些农场将显着改变地表特性,如果农场足够大,可能会导致意想不到的气候后果。在这项研究中,我们使用了一个带有动态植被的气候模型来表明,覆盖撒哈拉沙漠的大规模风能和太阳能发电场安装会导致局部温度升高,降水量增加两倍以上,尤其是在萨赫勒地区,通过增加地表摩擦并降低反照率。由此产生的植被增加进一步增强了降水,创造了正反照率-降水-植被反馈,为风电场的降水增加贡献了约 80%。这种局部增强与规模有关,特别是撒哈拉沙漠,对其他沙漠的影响很小。在这项研究中,我们使用了一个带有动态植被的气候模型来表明,覆盖撒哈拉沙漠的大规模风能和太阳能发电场安装会导致当地温度升高,降水量增加两倍以上,尤其是在萨赫勒地区,通过增加地表摩擦并降低反照率。由此产生的植被增加进一步增强了降水,创造了正反照率-降水-植被反馈,为风电场的降水增加贡献了约 80%。这种局部增强与规模有关,特别是撒哈拉沙漠,对其他沙漠的影响很小。在这项研究中,我们使用了一个带有动态植被的气候模型来表明,覆盖撒哈拉沙漠的大规模风能和太阳能发电场安装会导致当地温度升高,降水量增加两倍以上,尤其是在萨赫勒地区,通过增加地表摩擦并降低反照率。由此产生的植被增加进一步增强了降水,创造了正反照率-降水-植被反馈,为风电场的降水增加贡献了约 80%。这种局部增强与规模有关,特别是撒哈拉沙漠,对其他沙漠的影响很小。特别是在萨赫勒地区,通过增加表面摩擦和减少反照率。由此产生的植被增加进一步增强了降水,创造了正反照率-降水-植被反馈,为风电场的降水增加贡献了约 80%。这种局部增强与规模有关,特别是撒哈拉沙漠,对其他沙漠的影响很小。特别是在萨赫勒地区,通过增加表面摩擦和减少反照率。由此产生的植被增加进一步增强了降水,创造了正反照率-降水-植被反馈,为风电场的降水增加贡献了约 80%。这种局部增强与规模有关,特别是撒哈拉沙漠,对其他沙漠的影响很小。
更新日期:2018-09-06
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