From 20^th century, chitosan, a natural polysaccharide, has received much attention for use in biomedical applications thanks to its remarkable properties, such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, hemostasis and antibacterial activity. Over the last decades, many researchers have attempted to generate new chitosan derivatives-based biomaterials though chemical modifications, especially through sulfonation or sulfation reactions in order to tailor the physicochemical and biochemical properties. Due to the presence of residual amino groups, the generated polyampholytic derivatives are characterized by convenient biological properties, such as antioxidation, antiviral activity, anticoagulation and bone regeneration, expanding their application scope. This paper provides an overview of the strategies used to chemically modify chitosan by introduction of sulfonate groups on chitosan backbone, focusing on various sulfonating or sulfating agents used and substitution regioselectivity, and highlights their applications in biomedical field.

从20^日开始几百年来，天然多糖壳聚糖由于其卓越的性能，例如生物降解性，生物相容性，止血和抗菌活性，而在生物医学应用中备受关注。在过去的几十年中，许多研究人员试图通过化学修饰，特别是通过磺化或硫酸化反应，通过化学修饰来产生基于壳聚糖衍生物的新型生物材料，以调整其理化和生化特性。由于存在残留氨基，所产生的多两性衍生物具有便利的生物学特性，如抗氧化，抗病毒活性，抗凝和骨再生，从而扩大了其应用范围。