Hydraulic fracturing and self-diverting acid based on viscoelastic surfactant are effective methods to improve the production of low permeability reservoirs. However, surfactants as the main agents of the fluids have a certain impact on oil and gas exploration. The adsorption of surfactant on the rock may change the hydrocarbon flow path and greatly influence the recovery rate. This plagues people in choosing surfactant in reservoir stimulation. In order to make people have a clearer understanding of this issue, we synthesized four representative quaternary ammonium surfactants, including single/Gemini -cationic surfactant and single/Gemini zwitterionic surfactant. The critical micelle concentration (CMC), the adsorption and wettability were researched. The adsorption mechanism of viscoelastic surfactants was investigated through the static adsorption properties and wettability studies of different types of viscoelastic surfactants on carbonate rocks and sandstones with varying concentrations and temperatures. This has important guiding significance for choosing surfactants in the reservoir stimulation.

基于粘弹性表面活性剂的水力压裂和自转移酸是提高低渗透油藏产量的有效方法。然而，表面活性剂作为流体的主要作用剂对油气勘探有一定的影响。表面活性剂在岩石上的吸附可能会改变碳氢化合物的流动路径，并极大地影响采收率。这困扰着人们在油藏增产过程中选择表面活性剂。为了使人们对这个问题有更清楚的了解，我们合成了四种代表性的季铵表面活性剂，包括单/双子阳离子表面活性剂和单/双子两性离子表面活性剂。研究了临界胶束浓度（CMC），吸附性和润湿性。通过不同浓度和温度的碳酸盐岩石和砂岩上不同类型的粘弹性表面活性剂的静态吸附性能和润湿性研究，研究了粘弹性表面活性剂的吸附机理。这对于在储层增产过程中选择表面活性剂具有重要的指导意义。