The development of novel photosensitizers with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) characteristics has aroused tremendous interest, because it could combine efficient bioimaging with precise photodynamic therapy, which would thus dramatically promote applications in biomedical treatment. Among various AIE luminogens (AIEgens), heterocycle‐containing molecules are highly promising for this usage because of their high photostability and tunable electronic properties. In this work, a pyrazine‐containing AIEgen with a dicyanopyrazine moiety as an electron acceptor and a triphenylamine unit as an electron donor was chosen for study. The V‐shaped donor‐π‐acceptor‐π‐donor structure of the AIEgen endowed its nanoparticles with excellent nonlinear optical properties for two‐photon cell imaging under near‐infrared laser excitation. Also, under the same excitation, the nanoparticles could produce reactive oxygen species and further kill the cells efficiently and accurately. The present work thus presents a pyrazine‐containing AIEgen as a new photosensitizer for imaging‐guided two‐photon photodynamic therapy and gives more opportunities for deep‐tissue treatment of cancer in future research.

中文翻译：

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利用含吡嗪的聚集体诱导的发光原作为有效的光敏剂，用于成像引导的双光子光动力疗法

具有聚集诱导发射（AIE）特性的新型光敏剂的开发引起了极大的兴趣，因为它可以将有效的生物成像与精确的光动力疗法相结合，从而极大地促进在生物医学治疗中的应用。在各种AIE发光剂（AIEgens）中，含杂环的分子因其高的光稳定性和可调节的电子特性而在这种用途上前景广阔。在这项工作中，研究选择了含吡嗪的AIEgen，其中双氰基吡嗪部分作为电子受体，三苯胺单元作为电子供体。AIEgen的V形供体-π-受体-π-供体结构使其纳米粒子具有出色的非线性光学性质，可用于近红外激光激发下的双光子细胞成像。还，在相同的激发下，纳米粒子可以产生活性氧，并进一步有效，准确地杀死细胞。因此，目前的工作提出了一种含吡嗪的AIEgen作为一种新型光敏剂，用于成像引导的双光子光动力疗法，并为将来的研究提供了更多的深层治疗癌症的机会。