Abstract The Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) has been known as a promising approach for simulating the deformable moving interface of multiphase fluid phenomena due to its mesoscopic nature in organizing and executing distribution functions. However, LBMs are limited in simulating real gas–liquid bubbly flows, where the numerical inaccuracy and instability may significantly increase due to the high surface tension force and the large density ratio. In this paper, a mass-conserving LBM model is developed. The proposed model introduces a conserving correction step and an effective surface tension formula to improve physical accuracy, and utilizes a Multiple-Relaxation-Time (MRT) D3Q19 (three-dimensional and 19 discrete direction) operator to increase numerical stability. The proposed model was applied to estimate bubble behaviors, dimensionless parameter correlations, and drag force coefficient. The results were compared with analytical results, existing numerical results, and experimental data in literature and performed. The good agreement indicates that the proposed mass-conserving LBM model has the ability to predict bubble behaviors in the gas–liquid system.

中文翻译：

---

一种用于气泡行为估计的质量守恒格子玻尔兹曼方法

摘要 格子玻尔兹曼方法 (LBM) 因其在组织和执行分布函数方面的细观性质而被认为是一种模拟多相流体现象的可变形移动界面的有前途的方法。然而，LBMs 在模拟真实的气液气泡流方面受到限制，由于高表面张力和大密度比，数值不准确性和不稳定性可能会显着增加。在本文中，开发了质量守恒的 LBM 模型。所提出的模型引入了一个守恒校正步骤和一个有效的表面张力公式来提高物理精度，并利用多松弛时间 (MRT) D3Q19（三维和 19 个离散方向）算子来增加数值稳定性。所提出的模型被应用于估计气泡行为，无量纲参数相关性和阻力系数。将结果与文献中的分析结果、现有数值结果和实验数据进行比较并执行。良好的一致性表明所提出的质量守恒 LBM 模型具有预测气液系统中气泡行为的能力。