The dopamine transporter (DAT) plays a critical role in dopamine (DA) homeostasis by clearing transmitter from the extraneuronal space after vesicular release. DAT serves as a site of action for a variety of addictive and therapeutic reuptake inhibitors, and transport dysfunction is associated with transmitter imbalances in disorders such as schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactive disorder, bipolar disorder, and Parkinson disease. In this review, we describe some of the model systems that have been used for in vitro analyses of DAT structure, function and regulation, and discuss a potential relationship between transporter kinetic values and membrane cholesterol.

中文翻译：

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用于分析多巴胺转运蛋白功能和调节的模型系统。

多巴胺转运蛋白（DAT）在水泡释放后通过清除神经外间隙的递质来在多巴胺（DA）稳态中发挥关键作用。DAT是多种成瘾性和治疗性再摄取抑制剂的作用位点，运输功能障碍与精神分裂症，注意力不足过动症，躁郁症和帕金森病等疾病的递质失衡有关。在这篇综述中，我们描述了一些已用于体外DAT结构，功能和调控分析的模型系统，并讨论了转运蛋白动力学值与膜胆固醇之间的潜在关系。