This study investigated the dissolution behavior of the aluminum substrate in molten tin at 523 K, 573 K, and 623 K with and without applied ultrasonic vibration (USV) respectively. In order to reveal the mechanism of accelerated dissolution by USV, the ultrasonic pressure distribution in the molten pool and the cavitation thermal effect were simulated by finite element analysis. Furthermore, the microstructures after the dissolution were observed. The results showed USV greatly accelerated the dissolution rate (by 21–27 times) at the interface, where an uneven ultrasonic pressure distribution in the molten pool caused inhomogeneous dissolution. The amount of Al dissolved in Sn at a particular temperature after 5 s of USV was equivalent to a holding time of 30 min without USV. The simulation results showed that the cavitation-thermal effect caused by USV increased the temperature (up to the melting point of Al) at the interfacial micro-region. It is evident that the combined effect of cavitation-thermal and ultrasonic streaming caused by USV increase the dissolution rate.

这项研究研究了在有和没有施加超声振动（USV）的情况下，铝基板在523 K，573 K和623 K下在熔融锡中的溶解行为。为了揭示USV加速溶解的机理，通过有限元分析模拟了熔池中的超声压力分布和空化热效应。此外，观察到溶解后的微观结构。结果表明，USV极大地提高了界面处的溶出速度（21-27倍），其中熔池中超声压力分布不均匀导致溶出不均匀。5秒钟的USV后，在特定温度下溶于Sn的Al的量等于没有USV时保持30分钟的时间。仿真结果表明，USV引起的空化热效应使界面微区的温度升高（达到Al的熔点）。显然，USV引起的空化-热流和超声流共同作用增加了溶出速率。