Increased ammonia emissions from synthetic fertilizers and land degradation associated with reduction in arable land area in China,Land Degradation & Development

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Increased ammonia emissions from synthetic fertilizers and land degradation associated with reduction in arable land area in China
Land Degradation & Development ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2018-09-14 , DOI: 10.1002/ldr.3139
Wei Ouyang ₁ , Zhongmin Lian ₁ , Xin Hao ₁ , Xiang Gu ₁ , Fanghua Hao ₁ , Chunye Lin ₁ , Feng Zhou ₂

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For a long time, there has been an excessive use of synthetic fertilizers applied to the decreasing area of arable land to help meet the increasing food demand, which causes NH₃ volatilization and land degradation. In this study, we conducted a nationwide inventory of NH₃ emissions from synthetic nitrogen fertilizers in China from 1991 to 2013. We estimated that NH₃ emissions increased from 3.20 to 5.21 Tg NH₃ yr⁻¹. Because of the different agricultural practices, fertilizer use schedules, and ambient temperature, monthly NH₃ emissions have varied greatly. NH₃ emissions during the spring and summer accounted for approximately 83% of the national total in 1991, 1998, 2005, and 2013. Similarly, the spatial distribution of NH₃ emissions exhibited large heterogeneity in 1991, 1998, 2005, and 2013. High emissions occurred in the eastern and central provinces and eastern Sichuan. Based on NH₃ emissions in Chinese counties for 1991–1998, 1999–2005, and 2006–2013, the Pearson correlation coefficient was applied to compute the changing trends in NH₃ emissions and fertilization rates. The results showed that the NH₃ emissions from the major grain‐producing regions increased, whereas those from the eastern provinces, which experienced rapid economic development, decreased. In addition, fertilizer amount, arable land area, grain yield, and primary industry have been shown to be largely correlated to NH₃ emissions based on principal component analysis. Therefore, the results of this study have significant implications for improving the efficient use of fertilizers and preventing soil and/or land degradation.

更新日期：2018-09-14

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