Abstract Fischer–Tropsch wastewater (FTW), co-produced with hydrocarbons in Fischer–Tropsch process, is usually rich in water-soluble oxygenates, e.g. carboxylic acids, alcohols and aldehydes. Purification of FTW is crucial for achieving effective resource utilization and environmental concerns. The adsorption of FTW by humic acid (HA) has been studied via NMR. Butanol isomers, n-butanol (n-BuOH), sec-butanol (s-BuOH), iso-butanol (i-BuOH) and tert-butanol (t-BuOH), were used as model compounds of water soluble organic constituent for FTW. The interaction between HA and BuOHs was evaluated based on the NMR study. Lack of chemical shift change and broadening of peak width were observed with successive HA addition, 1H spin-lattice and spin-spin relaxation time of BuOHs decrease and 1H correction time increased. Association percentage to HA, association constants and Gibbs free energies for BuOHs were calculated. The adsorption efficiency of BuOHs decreased in the order: s-BuOH > n-BuOH > i-BuOH > t-BuOH. The effects of HA concentration and solution pH value on the interaction were examined, and the interaction is favored by increasing HA concentration, but less dependent on solution pH value. The studied process is effective for treating FTW and has a great potential for industrial applications due to its simplicity and low price.

中文翻译：

---

费-托废水与腐植酸的相互作用：丁醇异构体的核磁共振研究

摘要 Fischer-Tropsch 废水(FTW) 在Fischer-Tropsch 过程中与碳氢化合物共同产生，通常富含水溶性含氧化合物，例如羧酸、醇和醛。FTW 的纯化对于实现有效的资源利用和环境问题至关重要。已通过 NMR 研究了腐殖酸 (HA) 对 FTW 的吸附。丁醇异构体、正丁醇 (n-BuOH)、仲丁醇 (s-BuOH)、异丁醇 (i-BuOH) 和叔丁醇 (t-BuOH) 被用作水溶性有机成分的模型化合物FTW。基于 NMR 研究评估了 HA 和 BuOH 之间的相互作用。随着连续添加HA，观察到缺乏化学位移变化和峰宽变宽，BuOH的1H自旋晶格和自旋-自旋弛豫时间减少，1H校正时间增加。与 HA 的关联百分比，计算了 BuOH 的缔合常数和吉布斯自由能。BuOHs的吸附效率依次为：s-BuOH>n-BuOH>i-BuOH>t-BuOH。检查了 HA 浓度和溶液 pH 值对相互作用的影响，增加 HA 浓度有利于相互作用，但不太依赖溶液 pH 值。所研究的过程对于处理 FTW 是有效的，并且由于其简单且价格低廉而具有巨大的工业应用潜力。但较少依赖于溶液的 pH 值。所研究的过程对于处理 FTW 是有效的，并且由于其简单且价格低廉而具有巨大的工业应用潜力。但较少依赖于溶液的 pH 值。所研究的过程对于处理 FTW 是有效的，并且由于其简单和低廉的价格而具有巨大的工业应用潜力。