Abstract Designing and optimizing packed-bed methanation reactors for power-to-gas leads to conflicting issues. Because of the high exothermicity of the reaction, it might be inefficient (low Gas Hourly Space Velocity), or unsafe (runaway, thermal degradation). Dynamically operating reactors are thus particularly difficult to design. In this paper, the behavior of a reactor with multiple catalyst-dilution zones is studied numerically. Simulations of a dynamic sequence (reactor startup) are carried out. The effect of catalyst dilution profile on steady state and transient efficiency is analyzed. We introduce a method to maximize GHSV, while guarantying safe operation during both transient and steady state operation. A proper catalyst dilution profile can increase the steady state efficiency and stability of the reactor. However, the results of the present study show that this dilution profile can have a negative impact on transient efficiency and stability.

中文翻译：

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固定床甲烷化反应器优化：瞬态和稳态条件下安全高效运行

摘要 设计和优化用于电转气的填充床甲烷化反应器会导致相互矛盾的问题。由于反应的高放热性，它可能效率低下（低气时空速）或不安全（失控、热降解）。因此，动态运行的反应器特别难以设计。在本文中，对具有多个催化剂稀释区的反应器的行为进行了数值研究。进行动态序列（反应堆启动）的模拟。分析了催化剂稀释曲线对稳态和瞬态效率的影响。我们介绍了一种最大化 GHSV 的方法，同时保证瞬态和稳态运行期间的安全运行。适当的催化剂稀释曲线可以提高反应器的稳态效率和稳定性。然而，