Polymer brushes are special macromolecular structures with polymer chains densely tethered to another polymer chain (one-dimensional, 1D) or the surface of a planar (two-dimensional, 2D), spherical or cylindrical (three-dimensional, 3D) solid via a stable covalent or noncovalent bond linkage. In comparison with the corresponding linear counterpart with similar molecular composition, one-dimension polymer brushes have some fascinating properties including wormlike conformation, compact molecular dimension, and notable chain end effects due to their compact and confined densely grafted structure. The introduction of polymer chains onto the surface of planar and spherical or cylindrical matrix will not only significantly change the surface-related properties of the matrix but also endows the obtained hybrid polymer brushes with new functionalities. Thus, polymer brushes are of great interest in the fields of polymer and material science due to their broad applications, such as catalysis, nanolithography, biomineralization, drug delivery, medical diagnosis, optoelectronics, and so on. Although a variety of 1D, 2D, and 3D polymer brushes have been prepared with the advent of living/controlled polymerization, the development of more efficient and facile synthetic protocols that permit access to polymer brushes with precisely controlled composition, structure, and functionality still represents a key contemporary challenge.

中文翻译：

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聚合物刷：有效的合成与应用

聚合物刷是特殊的大分子结构，其聚合物链通过稳定链紧密地束缚到另一个聚合物链（一维，一维）或平面（二维，2D），球形或圆柱形（三维，3D）固体表面共价或非共价键连接。与具有相似分子组成的线性对应物相比，一维聚合物刷由于具有紧密而密密的致密接枝结构，具有令人着迷的特性，包括蠕虫状构型，紧凑的分子尺寸和显着的链端效应。将聚合物链引入到平面和球形或圆柱状基质的表面上，不仅会显着改变基质的表面相关性能，而且还将使获得的杂化聚合物刷具有新的功能。因此，由于聚合物刷的广泛应用，例如催化，纳米平版印刷，生物矿化，药物输送，医学诊断，光电等，因此聚合物刷在聚合物和材料科学领域引起了极大的兴趣。尽管随着活性/受控聚合的出现，已经制备了多种1D，2D和3D聚合物刷，但更高效，更简便的合成规程的发展使得可以使用具有精确控制的成分，结构和功能的聚合物刷一个关键的当代挑战。