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Ambient PM2.5 Reduces Global and Regional Life Expectancy
Environmental Science & Technology Letters ( IF 8.9 ) Pub Date : 2018-08-22 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00360
Joshua S. Apte 1 , Michael Brauer 2 , Aaron J. Cohen 3 , Majid Ezzati 4 , C. Arden Pope 5
Affiliation  

Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution is a major risk for premature death. Here, we systematically quantify the global impact of PM2.5 on life expectancy. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease project and actuarial standard life table methods, we estimate global and national decrements in life expectancy that can be attributed to ambient PM2.5 for 185 countries. In 2016, PM2.5 exposure reduced average global life expectancy at birth by ∼1 year with reductions of ∼1.2–1.9 years in polluted countries of Asia and Africa. If PM2.5 in all countries met the World Health Organization Air Quality Guideline (10 μg m–3), we estimate life expectancy could increase by a population-weighted median of 0.6 year (interquartile range of 0.2–1.0 year), a benefit of a magnitude similar to that of eradicating lung and breast cancer. Because background disease rates modulate the effect of air pollution on life expectancy, high age-specific rates of cardiovascular disease in many polluted low- and middle-income countries amplify the impact of PM2.5 on survival. Our analysis adds to prior research by illustrating how mortality from air pollution substantially reduces human longevity.

中文翻译:

PM 2.5会降低全球和地区的预期寿命

暴露于环境细颗粒物(PM 2.5)空气污染是过早死亡的主要风险。在这里,我们系统地量化了PM 2.5对预期寿命的全球影响。使用来自全球疾病负担项目的数据和精算标准寿命表方法,我们估算了全球和全国预期寿命的下降,这可归因于185个国家的环境PM 2.5。2016年,PM 2.5暴露使亚洲和非洲受污染国家的全球平均出生预期寿命降低了约1岁,减少了约1.2-1.9岁。如果所有国家/地区的PM 2.5均符合世界卫生组织空气质量指南(10μgm –3),我们估计预期寿命可以增加0.6的人口加权中位数(0.2-1.0年的四分位间距),其收益与根除肺癌和乳腺癌的收益相近。由于背景疾病的发病率调节了空气污染对预期寿命的影响,因此在许多受污染的低收入和中等收入国家,特定年龄段的心血管病高发病率加剧了PM 2.5对生存的影响。我们的分析通过说明空气污染造成的死亡率如何大大降低人类寿命来增加以前的研究。
更新日期:2018-08-22
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