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Chemical Form and Bioaccessibility of Mercury in Traditional Tibetan Medicines
Environmental Science & Technology Letters ( IF 8.9 ) Pub Date : 2018-08-22 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00371 Maodian Liu 1, 2 , Yipeng He 1, 2 , Shidong Ge 1 , Menghan Cheng 1 , Han Xie 1 , Chenghao Yu 1 , Xuejun Wang 1
Environmental Science & Technology Letters ( IF 8.9 ) Pub Date : 2018-08-22 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00371 Maodian Liu 1, 2 , Yipeng He 1, 2 , Shidong Ge 1 , Menghan Cheng 1 , Han Xie 1 , Chenghao Yu 1 , Xuejun Wang 1
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Extremely high mercury (Hg) concentrations have been identified in traditional Tibetan medicine (TTM) products, but the chemical form and bioaccessibility of Hg remain unknown. We conducted experiments to explore whether the Hg contained in TTM is toxic. We determined that HgS is not the exclusive form of Hg in TTM; other compounds could be present in substantial quantities, ranging from 2 to 52% of the total Hg in commonly used TTMs. A substantial amount of Hg could be released from TTM after ingestion. In total, an average of 12 μg of Hg (mostly inorganic)/g (range of 0.41–25 μg of Hg/g) in TTMs was released into the liquid phase in simulated human gastrointestinal environments. However, different from the results from ingestion by fish, the release of Hg from TTM in the intestinal environment is larger than that in the gastric environment by a factor of 2. In the case of joint ingestion with protein-rich products, releases of methyl Hg and inorganic Hg from TTM in gastrointestinal environments could be significantly enhanced by factors of 9 and 6, respectively. Our efforts further highlight that the Hg contained in TTMs could be harmful to human health, and the clinical safety of different TTM products should be thoroughly evaluated.
中文翻译：
藏族传统药物中汞的化学形态和生物可及性
在传统的藏药（TTM）产品中已经确定了极高的汞（Hg）浓度，但是汞的化学形式和生物可及性仍未知。我们进行了实验，以探索TTM中所含的汞是否有毒。我们确定HgS不是TTM中Hg的专有形式；其他化合物可能大量存在，占常用TTM中总Hg的2％至52％。摄入后可从TTM释放大量Hg。总的来说，在模拟的人类胃肠环境中，TTM中平均平均有12μg汞（主要是无机）/ g（0.41–25μgHg / g的范围）释放到液相中。但是，与鱼类摄取的结果不同，肠环境中TTM的汞释放量比胃环境中的Hg释放量大2倍。在与富含蛋白质的产品联合摄入的情况下，胃肠道环境中TTM的甲基汞和无机汞释放可能是分别显着提高了9倍和6倍。我们的努力进一步强调了TTM中所含的Hg可能对人体健康有害，因此应彻底评估不同TTM产品的临床安全性。
更新日期：2018-08-22
中文翻译：
藏族传统药物中汞的化学形态和生物可及性
在传统的藏药（TTM）产品中已经确定了极高的汞（Hg）浓度，但是汞的化学形式和生物可及性仍未知。我们进行了实验，以探索TTM中所含的汞是否有毒。我们确定HgS不是TTM中Hg的专有形式；其他化合物可能大量存在，占常用TTM中总Hg的2％至52％。摄入后可从TTM释放大量Hg。总的来说，在模拟的人类胃肠环境中，TTM中平均平均有12μg汞（主要是无机）/ g（0.41–25μgHg / g的范围）释放到液相中。但是，与鱼类摄取的结果不同，肠环境中TTM的汞释放量比胃环境中的Hg释放量大2倍。在与富含蛋白质的产品联合摄入的情况下，胃肠道环境中TTM的甲基汞和无机汞释放可能是分别显着提高了9倍和6倍。我们的努力进一步强调了TTM中所含的Hg可能对人体健康有害，因此应彻底评估不同TTM产品的临床安全性。
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