The emerging clinical use of targeted fluorescent agents heralds a shift in intraoperative imaging practices that overcome the limitations of human vision. However, in contrast to established radiological methods, no appropriate performance specifications and standards have been established in fluorescence molecular imaging. Moreover, the dependence of fluorescence signals on many experimental parameters and the use of wavelengths ranging from the visible to short-wave infrared (400–1,700 nm) complicate quality control in fluorescence molecular imaging. Here, we discuss the experimental parameters that critically affect fluorescence molecular imaging accuracy, and introduce the concept of high-fidelity fluorescence imaging as a means for ensuring reliable reproduction of fluorescence biodistribution in tissue.

靶向荧光剂的新兴临床应用预示着克服了人类视力限制的术中成像实践的转变。但是，与已建立的放射学方法相反，在荧光分子成像中尚未建立适当的性能规格和标准。此外，荧光信号对许多实验参数的依赖性以及使用从可见光到短波红外（400-1,700 nm）范围内的波长使荧光分子成像中的质量控制变得复杂。在这里，我们讨论了严重影响荧光分子成像准确性的实验参数，并介绍了高保真荧光成像的概念，作为确保组织中荧光生物分布可靠复制的一种手段。