To search for bioactive gypenosides and their analogues, a saponin enriched fraction and its hydrolyzate from Gynostemma pentaphyllum were phytochemically investigated. Fractionation by diverse chromatographic methods, including HPLC, Sephadex LH-20, silica gel, and C18 reverse phase silica gel, led to the isolation and purification of twelve triterpenes, including five undescribed and seven known. The chemical structures of all compounds were determined as analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS), infrared spectrum (IR), optical rotation, and chemical transformations. Among all isolates, nine compounds possessed a rare dammarane triterpenoid framework with A-ring modified. The relative configurations of three compounds were determined by 2D NMR for the first time. The absolute configurations of four compounds were determined by the modified Mosher's method. Two of all isolated compounds significantly enhanced 2-deoxy-2-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]-D-glucose (2-NBDG) uptake and Glucose Transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation via activating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) signaling pathway. This study provided the potential candidates for the development of antidiabetic agents.

中文翻译：

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绞股蓝中的降血糖三萜

为了寻找具有生物活性的绞股蓝苷及其类似物，对绞股蓝中富含皂苷的部分及其水解物进行了植物化学研究。通过多种色谱方法（包括 HPLC、Sephadex LH-20、硅胶和 C18 反相硅胶）进行分馏，分离和纯化了 12 种三萜，其中包括 5 种未描述的和 7 种已知的。所有化合物的化学结构均通过核磁共振 (NMR)、高分辨率质谱 (HR-MS)、红外光谱 (IR)、旋光度和化学转化分析确定。在所有分离物中，有九种化合物具有罕见的丹马烷三萜骨架，并带有 A 环修饰。首次通过二维核磁共振确定了三种化合物的相对构型。四种化合物的绝对构型由改进的 Mosher 方法确定。所有分离的化合物中有两种显着增强了 2-deoxy-2-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]-D-葡萄糖 (2-NBDG) 摄取和葡萄糖转运蛋白 4 (GLUT4)通过激活 AMP 活化蛋白激酶 (AMPK) 和乙酰辅酶 A 羧化酶 (ACC) 信号通路进行易位。该研究为开发抗糖尿病药物提供了潜在的候选者。