OBJECTIVE To determine whether an intervention to reduce eveningness chronotype improves sleep, circadian, and health (emotional, cognitive, behavioral, social, physical) outcomes. METHOD Youth aged 10 to 18 years with an evening chronotype and who were "at risk" in 1 of 5 health domains were randomized to: (a) Transdiagnostic Sleep and Circadian Intervention for Youth (TranS-C; n = 89) or (b) Psychoeducation (PE; n = 87) at a university-based clinic. Treatments were 6 individual, weekly 50-minute sessions during the school year. TranS-C addresses sleep and circadian problems experienced by youth by integrating evidence-based treatments derived from basic research. PE provides education on the interrelationship between sleep, stress, diet, and health. RESULTS Relative to PE, TranS-C was not associated with greater pre-post change for total sleep time (TST) or bed time (BT) on weeknights but was associated with greater reduction in evening circadian preference (pre-post increase of 3.89 points, 95% CI = 2.94-4.85, for TranS-C, and 2.01 points, 95% CI = 1.05-2.97 for PE, p = 0.006), earlier endogenous circadian phase, less weeknight-weekend discrepancy in TST and wakeup time, less daytime sleepiness, and better self-reported sleep via youth and parent report. In terms of functioning in the five health domains, relative to PE, TranS-C was not associated with greater pre-post change on the primary outcome. However, there were significant interactions favoring TranS-C on the Parent-Reported Composite Risk Scores for cognitive health. CONCLUSION For at-risk youth, the evidence supports the use of TranS-C over PE for improving sleep and circadian functioning, and improving health on selected outcomes. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION Triple Vulnerability? Circadian Tendency, Sleep Deprivation and Adolescence. https://clinicaltrials.gov; NCT01828320.

中文翻译：

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修改晚间表型（“夜猫子”）对青年的影响：一项随机对照试验。

目的 确定减少夜间时间型的干预措施是否能改善睡眠、昼夜节律和健康（情绪、认知、行为、社会、身体）结果。方法 年龄在 10 至 18 岁的具有晚间表型且在 5 个健康领域中的 1 个“有风险”的青少年被随机分配到：（a）青少年跨诊断睡眠和昼夜节律干预（TranS-C；n = 89）或（b ) 大学诊所的心理教育 (PE; n = 87)。在学年期间，治疗是 6 次单独的每周 50 分钟的疗程。TranS-C 通过整合来自基础研究的循证治疗来解决青少年所经历的睡眠和昼夜节律问题。体育提供关于睡眠、压力、饮食和健康之间相互关系的教育。结果 相对于 PE，TranS-C 与工作日晚上总睡眠时间 (TST) 或就寝时间 (BT) 的更大事后变化无关，但与夜间昼夜节律偏好的更大减少相关（事后增加 3.89 点，95% CI = TranS-C 为 2.94-4.85，PE 为 2.01 分，95% CI = 1.05-2.97，p = 0.006），内源性昼夜节律阶段较早，TST 和起床时间的周末-周末差异较小，白天嗜睡较少，并且更好通过青少年和家长报告自我报告的睡眠。就五个健康领域的功能而言，相对于 PE，TranS-C 与主要结果的更大的前后变化无关。然而，在家长报告的认知健康综合风险评分中，有利于 TranS-C 的显着交互作用。结论 对于高危青年，证据支持使用 TranS-C 而不是 PE 来改善睡眠和昼夜节律功能，并改善选定结果的健康状况。临床试验注册信息 三重漏洞？昼夜节律、睡眠剥夺和青春期。https://clinicaltrials.gov；NCT01828320。