A large part of the population is exposed to metals and metalloids through the diet. Most of the in vivo studies on its toxicokinetics and toxicity are conducted by means of exposure through drinking water or by intragastric or intraperitoneal administration of aqueous standards, and therefore they do not consider the effect of the food matrix on the exposure. Numerous studies show that some components of the diet can modulate the toxicity of these food contaminants, reducing their effect on a systemic level. Part of this protective role may be due to a reduction of intestinal absorption and subsequent tissue accumulation of the toxic element, although it may also be a consequence of their ability to counteract the toxicity directly by their antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory activity, among other factors. The present review provides a compilation of existing information about the effect that certain components of the diet have on the toxicokinetics and toxicity of the metals and metalloids of greatest toxicological importance that are present in food (arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury), and of their most toxic chemical species.

中文翻译：

---

膳食化合物作为金属和准金属毒性的调节剂

饮食中有很大一部分人暴露于金属和准金属。关于其毒代动力学和毒性的大多数体内研究是通过饮用水接触或通过胃内或腹膜内施用水标准品进行的，因此，他们没有考虑食物基质对接触的影响。大量研究表明，饮食中的某些成分可以调节这些食物污染物的毒性，从而降低它们对系统水平的影响。这种保护作用的一部分可能是由于肠吸收减少以及随后的有毒元素在组织中的积累，尽管这也可能是由于它们的抗氧化剂和/或抗炎活性直接抵消了毒性的能力的结果。其他因素。