Data about harms or benefits associated with the consumption of aspartame, a nonnutritive sweetener worldwide consumed, are still controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials aimed to assess the effect of aspartame consumption on metabolic parameters related to diabetes and obesity. The search was performed on Cochrane, LILACS, PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science databases, and on a gray literature using Open Grey, Google Scholar, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. Searches across all databases were conducted from the earliest available date up to April 13, 2016, without date and language restrictions. Pooled mean differences were calculated using a random or fixed-effects model for heterogeneous and homogenous studies, respectively. Twenty-nine articles were included in qualitative synthesis and twelve, presenting numeric results, were used in meta-analysis. Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L), insulin levels (μU/mL), total cholesterol (mmol/L), triglycerides concentrations (mmol/L), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L), body weight (kg), and energy intake (MJ) were considered as the main outcomes in subjects that consumed aspartame, and results were presented as mean difference; % confidence interval, range. Aspartame consumption was not associated with alterations on blood glucose levels compared to control (−0.03 mmol/L; 95% CI, −0.21 to 0.14) or to sucrose (0.31 mmol/L; 95% CI, −0.05 to 0.67) and on insulin levels compared to control (0.13 μU/mL; 95% CI, −0.69 to 0.95) or to sucrose (2.54 μU/mL; 95% CI, −6.29 to 11.37). Total cholesterol was not affected by aspartame consumption compared to control (−0.02 mmol/L; 95% CI, −0.31 to 0.27) or to sucrose (−0.24 mmol/L; 95% CI, −0.89 to 0.42). Triglycerides concentrations were not affected by aspartame consumption compared to control (0.00 mmol/L; 95% CI, −0.04 to 0.05) or to sucrose (0.00 mmol/L; 95% CI, −0.09 to 0.09). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol serum levels were higher on aspartame compared to control (−0.03 mmol/L; 95% CI, −0.06 to −0.01) and lower on aspartame compared to sucrose (0.05 mmol/L; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.09). Body weight did not change after aspartame consumption compared to control (5.00 kg; 95% CI, −1.56 to 11.56) or to sucrose (3.78 kg; 95% CI, −2.18 to 9.74). Energy intake was not altered by aspartame consumption compared to control (−0.49 MJ; 95% CI, −1.21 to 0.22) or to sucrose (−0.17 MJ; 95% CI, −2.03 to 1.69). Data concerning effects of aspartame on main metabolic variables associated to diabetes and obesity do not support a beneficial related to its consumption.

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阿斯巴甜在成年期的代谢作用：随机临床试验的系统评价和荟萃分析

与阿斯巴甜（一种在全球范围内消费的非营养性甜味剂）的消费有关的危害或益处的数据仍存在争议。这项随机对照临床试验的系统评价和荟萃分析旨在评估阿斯巴甜摄入量对与糖尿病和肥胖症相关的代谢参数的影响。搜索是在Cochrane，LILACS，PubMed，SCOPUS，Web of Science数据库上进行的，以及使用Open Grey，Google Scholar和ProQuest Dissertations＆Thess Global的灰色文献进行的。从最早的可用日期到2016年4月13日对所有数据库进行搜索，没有日期和语言限制。使用随机或固定效应模型分别针对异质研究和均质研究计算合并的均值差异。定性合成中包括29篇文章，提供数值结果的12篇文章用于荟萃分析。空腹血糖（mmol / L），胰岛素水平（μU/ mL），总胆固醇（mmol / L），甘油三酸酯浓度（mmol / L），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（mmol / L），体重（kg），摄入阿斯巴甜的受试者的主要结局为能量摄入（MJ），结果以均数差表示。置信区间百分比，范围。与对照组相比（-0.03 mmol / L; 95％CI，-0.21至0.14）或与蔗糖（0.31 mmol / L; 95％CI，-0.05至0.67）以及更高水平的阿斯巴甜消耗量与血糖水平的改变无关与对照组（0.13μU/ mL; 95％CI，-0.69至0.95）或与蔗糖（2.54μU/ mL; 95％CI，-6.29至11.37）相比的胰岛素水平。与对照（-0.02 mmol / L； 95％CI，-0.31至0.27）或蔗糖（-0.24 mmol / L； 95％CI，-0.89至0.42）相比，总胆固醇不受阿斯巴甜消耗量的影响。与对照（0.00 mmol / L； 95％CI，-0.04至0.05）或蔗糖（0.00 mmol / L； 95％CI，-0.09至0.09）相比，甘油三酸酯浓度不受阿斯巴甜消耗量的影响。与对照相比，阿斯巴甜的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血清水平更高（-0.03 mmol / L； 95％CI，-0.06至-0.01），与蔗糖相比，阿斯巴甜的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平较低（0.05 mmol / L； 95％CI，0.02至0.02 0.09）。与对照组（5.00千克； 95％CI，-1.56至11.56）或蔗糖（3.78千克； 95％CI，-2.18至9.74）相比，服用阿斯巴甜后的体重没有变化。与对照（-0.49 MJ; 95％CI，-1.21至0.22）或蔗糖（-0.17 MJ; 95％CI，-2.03至1.69）。关于阿斯巴甜对与糖尿病和肥胖症相关的主要代谢变量的影响的数据不支持与其消费有关的益处。