Over the past decades, imaging and spectroscopy techniques have been rapidly developing and widely applied in nondestructive fruit and vegetable quality assessment. The physical properties (including size, shape, color, position, and temperature) and biological properties (including cultivar, season, maturity level and geographical origin) of fruits and vegetables vary from one to another. A great variety of physical and biological properties of agricultural products influence the optical propagation properties and interaction behaviors with incident light, thus decreasing the quality inspection accuracy. Many attempts have been made in image correction and spectral compensation methods to improve the inspection accuracy. This paper gives a detailed summary about influence of physical and biological variability, as well as the correction and compensation methods for eliminating or reducing the effects in fruit and vegetable quality nondestructive inspection by using imaging and spectroscopy techniques. The advantages and disadvantages of the solution methods are discussed and summarized. Additionally, the future challenges and potential trends are also reported.

中文翻译：

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物理和生物变异性及解决方法对成像和近红外光谱技术在果蔬质量无损检测中的影响：综述

在过去的几十年中，成像和光谱技术已得到迅速发展，并广泛应用于无损果蔬质量评估。水果和蔬菜的物理特性（包括大小，形状，颜色，位置和温度）和生物学特性（包括品种，季节，成熟度和地理来源）各不相同。农产品的多种物理和生物学特性会影响光的传播特性以及与入射光的相互作用，从而降低质量检查的准确性。在图像校正和光谱补偿方法中已经进行了许多尝试以提高检查精度。本文详细介绍了物理和生物变异性的影响，以及通过使用成像和光谱技术消除或减少水果和蔬菜质量无损检测中影响的校正和补偿方法。讨论并总结了解决方法的优缺点。此外，还报告了未来的挑战和潜在的趋势。