Abstract This study investigated the effect of LiNbO3 modification on the dielectric, ferroelectric and electromechanical strain properties of Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3–SrTiO3 (BNT–ST) lead–free relaxor ceramics. The sintering temperature for lead–free BNT–ST relaxor ceramics was slightly decreased from 1175 °C to 1050 °C by modifying with LiNbO3. We found that the sintering temperature affects the dielectric behavior of 0.76BNT–(0.24−x)ST–xLiNbO3 (BNST–100xLN) ceramics at high temperature (near dielectric maximum temperature, Tm). The Tm for the low–temperature sintered sample was shifted to relatively higher temperature by comparison with the high–temperature sintered samples. Furthermore, the degradation of dielectric behavior near Tm in low–temperature sintered BNST–2LN ceramics was revealed after poling treatment and seem to be related to the existence of a high temperature stabilized nonergodic relaxor phase. Accordingly, we assume that the stabilized nonergodic relaxor phase is responsible for the relatively late transition from ferroelectrics to the relaxor. Therefore, we obtained the improved d33* of 616 pm/V as the highest value in low–temperature sintered BNST–2LN ceramics.

中文翻译：

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LiNbO3-改性Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3-SrTiO3弛豫陶瓷中非遍历性的存在导致高机电应变性能

摘要 本研究研究了 LiNbO3 改性对 Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3-SrTiO3 (BNT-ST) 无铅弛豫陶瓷的介电、铁电和机电应变性能的影响。通过用 LiNbO3 改性，无铅 BNT-ST 弛豫陶瓷的烧结温度从 1175 °C 略微降低到 1050 °C。我们发现烧结温度会影响 0.76BNT-(0.24-x)ST-xLiNbO3 (BNST-100xLN) 陶瓷在高温下（接近介电最高温度，Tm）的介电行为。与高温烧结样品相比，低温烧结样品的 Tm 转移到相对较高的温度。此外，在极化处理后，低温烧结 BNST-2LN 陶瓷中 Tm 附近介电行为的退化被揭示，这似乎与高温稳定的非遍历弛豫相的存在有关。因此，我们假设稳定的非遍历弛豫相负责从铁电体到弛豫相对较晚的转变。因此，我们获得了 616 pm/V 的改进 d33* 作为低温烧结 BNST-2LN 陶瓷的最高值。