Sol–gel chemistry has been extensively employed to produce several classes of materials (e.g. nanoparticles, thin films, fibers, gels, glasses and ceramic powders) with desired easily-controllable morphological, crystallographic and mechanical properties. In particular, the methodology can be explored for the development of optical supramolecular materials with interesting properties for light-emitting devices, chemical and biological sensing, biomarking and targeting, among many others. To this end, the strategies usually adopted consist of embedding a luminescent guest species into normally non-emissive sol–gel host materials, resulting in optical systems that preserve both the guest's photophysical characteristics and the host's mechanical and morphological properties. This concise review provides insights into the development of promising new host–guest optical materials based on versatile sol–gel hosts (i.e. mesoporous MCM-41 nanoparticles, mesoporous sodium-aluminosilicate glasses and other mesoporous matrices for sensors) and highly luminescent guests (i.e. organic dyes, d⁶ complexes and lanthanide complexes), mostly focusing on the findings from our group and similar findings in the literature of the past decade.

中文翻译：

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基于高发射物质的主体-客体发光材料，被装载到多功能溶胶-凝胶主体中

溶胶-凝胶化学已被广泛用于生产几类材料（例如，纳米粒子，薄膜，纤维，凝胶，玻璃和陶瓷粉末），并具有所需的易于控制的形态，晶体学和机械性能。尤其是，可以探索该方法用于开发具有令人感兴趣的特性的光学超分子材料，这些材料可用于发光器件，化学和生物传感，生物标记和靶向等。为此，通常采用的策略包括将发光的客体物种嵌入通常不发光的溶胶-凝胶主体材料中，从而形成既保留客体的光物理特性又保留主体的机械和形态特性的光学系统。简明扼要的综述提供了基于多功能溶胶-凝胶主体（即：中孔MCM-41纳米颗粒，中孔铝硅酸盐玻璃和其他用于传感器的中孔基质和高发光客体（即有机染料，d ⁶络合物和镧系元素络合物），主要集中在我们小组的发现以及与之相关的文献中相似的发现。在过去的十年中。