Dietary variety increases food intake, but it is unclear if sensory differences elicit increases in eating-related behaviors. Using a 4×3 between-subject pilot experiment, we examined if increasing sensory variety (control, color, shape, both color and shape) and priming individuals to notice differences or similarities in the foods (positive, neutral, negative) influenced ad libitum proximal intake, liking, and willingness to purchase pears and peppers among 164 Greater Boston adults >18y/o. MANOVA was used to examine associations between sensory variety (independent variable) and six dependent measures. We tested for interactions between sensory variety condition and individual-level factors that may influence food intake. There was no main effect of sensory variety condition for any dependent measure. However, interactions between sensory variety condition and age, overweight status, and prime were detected. Adults with overweight (vs. adults of normal weight) ate more pear with color variety (7.2 vs. 4.4 oz, p=0.01). Pear intake was also higher among adults with overweight in the color variety (7.2 oz) vs. combination variety (4.4 oz) condition. Adults ≥36y/o ate more peppers (3.5 oz) in the color variety condition versus other conditions (2.1-2.2 oz, p=0.04). Participants primed to notice differences were more willing to purchase pears in the color variety (5.0 ± 0.5) versus control (3.7 ± 0.5) condition. Color variety may modestly increase proximal intake, liking, and purchase intentions for fruits and vegetables in some subsets of adults. Our preliminary findings encourage more research to determine if color variety can be used to improve diet quality of targeted populations.

中文翻译：

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形状和颜色的感官多样性影响某些成人亚群的水果和蔬菜摄入量、喜好和购买意愿：一项随机试验

饮食多样化会增加食物摄入量，但尚不清楚感官差异是否会导致与饮食相关的行为增加。使用 4×3 受试者间试点实验，我们检查了增加感官多样性（控制、颜色、形状、颜色和形状）和激发个体注意食物的差异或相似性（正面、中性、负面）是否影响随意164 名 18 岁以上的大波士顿成年人最近的摄入量、喜好和购买梨和辣椒的意愿。MANOVA 用于检查感官多样性（自变量）和六个相关测量之间的关联。我们测试了感官多样性条件与可能影响食物摄入量的个人层面因素之间的相互作用。对于任何依赖测量，感官多样性条件都没有主效应。然而，检测到感官多样性状况与年龄、超重状态和青春期之间的相互作用。超重的成年人（与正常体重的成年人相比）食用更多颜色多样的梨（7.2 对 4.4 盎司，p=0.01）。在颜色品种（7.2 盎司）与组合品种（4.4 盎司）条件下超重的成年人中，梨的摄入量也更高。与其他条件（2.1-2.2 盎司，p=0.04）相比，≥36 岁/岁的成年人在颜色多样性条件下吃了更多的辣椒（3.5 盎司）。注意到差异的参与者更愿意购买颜色品种 (5.0 ± 0.5) 与对照 (3.7 ± 0.5) 条件下的梨。在某些成年人群中，颜色多样性可能会适度增加水果和蔬菜的近端摄入量、喜好和购买意愿。