Background

Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is a tropical and subtropical fruit that is native to Mexico and Central America; avocado is gaining increasing worldwide acceptance and has received extensive marketing and a wide distribution due to its relevant nutritional benefits for human health. Mexico harvests more than 30% of avocados worldwide, representing the main producer and exporter of avocado, which has become a crop of high interest and has great economic impact on Mexico.

Scope and approach

In this paper, we describe relevant information on the production, composition and application of avocado, with an emphasis on its by-products, focusing on the proper use of waste and the possibility of monetizing waste for nutritional and environmental purposes. The entire avocado is rich in biocompounds (pulp, seed and peel) and has many health benefits, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activities, as well as dermatological uses and others. In this paper, we demonstrate the current panorama of production, exportation and uses of avocado in Mexico.

Key findings and conclusions

Several food grade ingredients can be obtained from avocado wastes, particularly premium-grade fats or extracts with a high functional power. Studies should continue to identify the profiles and phytochemicals available to the business sector, which can also be implemented to valorize the nutritional and functional potential of avocado seeds and peels.

中文翻译：

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鳄梨副产品：营养和功能特性

背景

鳄梨（Persea americana Mill。）是一种热带和亚热带水果，原产于墨西哥和中美洲。鳄梨因其对人体健康的相关营养益处而在全球范围内得到越来越多的接受，并已获得广泛的市场推广和广泛的分销。墨西哥收获的鳄梨占全世界的30％以上，是鳄梨的主要生产国和出口国，鳄梨已成为人们高度关注的作物，并对墨西哥产生了巨大的经济影响。

范围和方法

在本文中，我们描述了有关鳄梨生产，组成和应用的相关信息，重点是鳄梨的副产品，着重于废物的正确使用以及为营养和环境目的将废物货币化的可能性。整个鳄梨富含生物化合物（纸浆，种子和果皮），并具有许多健康益处，例如抗菌，抗氧化和抗癌活性，以及​​皮肤病学用途和其他用途。在本文中，我们展示了墨西哥鳄梨生产，出口和使用的最新情况。

主要发现和结论

可从鳄梨废料中获得几种食品级成分，尤其是具有高功能力的高档脂肪或提取物。研究应继续确定可用于商业部门的概况和植物化学物质，也可将其用于提高鳄梨种子和果皮的营养和功能潜力。