Bioinspired polyamidoamines containing disulfide-groups in the main chain (SS-PAAs), prepared by Michael polyaddition of 2,2-bis(acrylamido)acetic acid with l-cystine (B-CYSS) and of N,N′-bis(acryloyl-l-cystine) with either glycine or 2-methylpiperazine (BACYSS-GLY and BACYSS-MP), were investigated as intumescent surface-confined flame retardants for cotton textiles. The main purpose was to ascertain if the presence of disulfide functions in the repeat units imparted superior flame retardant properties compared with sulfur-deprived polyamidoamines whose efficacy were previously demonstrated. In horizontal flame spread tests, at 18% add-on both BACYSS-GLY and BACYSS-MP inhibited ignition; at 12% add-on BACYSS-GLY extinguished flame, whereas BACYSS-MP burnt completely leaving substantial carbonaceous residues. In vertical flame spread tests, both BACYSS-GLY and BACYSS-MP burnt completely leaving substantial residues up to at least 18% add-on. At 12% add-on B-CYSS inhibited ignition in both horizontal- and vertical flame spread tests. In the latter test, only limited afterglow was observed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric and cone calorimetric analyses were consistent with these results. In particular, thermogravimetric analyses showed at 750 °C high residues in nitrogen (28–54%) and only moderately lower residues in air (19–48%). In cone calorimetry tests, all tested SS-PAAs increased time to ignition, decreased peak of heat release rate and effective heat of combustion of cotton. All samples remarkably reduced CO and CO₂ yields. SEM micrographs of combustion residues of all SS-PAAs treated cotton fabrics presented diffused intumescent bubbles.

含有在主链（SS-部分分配），由2,2-双（丙烯酰胺基）乙酸与迈克尔加成制备二硫化物基团仿生聚酰胺胺升-cystine（B-CYSS）和N，N'-双（丙烯酰-我-胱氨酸）与甘氨酸或2-甲基哌嗪（BACYSS-GLY和BACYSS-MP）一起用作棉织物的膨胀型表面受限阻燃剂。主要目的是确定与以前证明其功效的脱硫聚酰胺胺相比，重复单元中二硫键功能的存在是否具有优异的阻燃性能。在水平火焰蔓延测试中，BACYSS-GLY和BACYSS-MP均以18％的添加抑制着火；当BACYSS-GLY的添加量增加12％时，火焰熄灭，而BACYSS-MP完全燃烧，留下大量的碳质残留物。在垂直火焰蔓延测试中，BACYSS-GLY和BACYSS-MP都完全燃烧，留下大量残留物，添加量至少达到18％。在水平和垂直火焰蔓延测试中，B-CYSS的添加量均达到12％时，抑制了起火。在后一测试中，仅观察到有限的余辉。扫描电子显微镜（SEM），热重和锥形量热分析与这些结果一致。特别是，热重分析显示，在750°C时，氮气中的高残留物（28–54％），而空气中的残留物仅中等程度较低（19–48％）。在锥形量热法测试中，所有测试的SS-PAA均增加了着火时间，降低了放热速率的峰值，并降低了棉花的有效燃烧热。所有样品均显着降低了CO和CO 所有测试的SS-PAA都增加了点燃时间，降低了放热速率的峰值，并降低了棉花燃烧的有效热量。所有样品均显着降低了CO和CO 所有测试的SS-PAA都增加了点燃时间，降低了放热速率的峰值，并降低了棉花燃烧的有效热量。所有样品均显着降低了CO和CO_2个产量。所有经SS-PAA处理的棉织物的燃烧残留物的SEM显微照片均显示出弥散的膨胀气泡。