Confined Redox Reactions of Iodide in Carbon Nanopores for Fast and Energy‐Efficient Desalination of Brackish Water and Seawater,ChemSusChem

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Confined Redox Reactions of Iodide in Carbon Nanopores for Fast and Energy‐Efficient Desalination of Brackish Water and Seawater
ChemSusChem ( IF 7.5 ) Pub Date : 2018-08-22 , DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801538
Juhan Lee _{1,

2} , Pattarachai Srimuk _{1,

2} , Sidonie Carpier _{1,

2} , Jaehoon Choi _{1,

3} , Rafael Linzmeyer Zornitta _{1,

4} , Choonsoo Kim ₁ , Mesut Aslan ₁ , Volker Presser _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Faradaic deionization is a promising new seawater desalination technology with low energy consumption. One drawback is the low water production rate as a result of the limited kinetics of the ion intercalation and insertion processes. We introduce the redox activities of iodide confined in carbon nanopores for electrochemical desalination. A fast desalination process was enabled by diffusionless redox kinetics governed by thin‐layer electrochemistry. A cell was designed with an activated carbon cloth electrode in NaI aqueous solution, which was separated from the feedwater channel by a cation‐exchange membrane. Coupled with an activated carbon counter electrode and an anion‐exchange membrane, the half‐cell in NaI with a cation‐exchange membrane maintained performance even at a high current of 2.5 A g⁻¹ (21 mA cm⁻²). The redox activities of iodide allowed a high desalination capacity of 69 mg g⁻¹ (normalized by the mass of the working electrode) with stable performance over 120 cycles. Additionally, we provide a new analytical method for unique performance evaluation under single‐pass flow conditions regarding the water production rate and energy consumption. Our cell concept provides flexible performance for low and high salinity and, thus, enables the desalination of brackish water or seawater. Particularly, we found a low energy consumption (1.63 Wh L⁻¹) for seawater desalination and a high water production rate (25 L m⁻² h⁻¹) for brackish water.

中文翻译：

碳纳米孔中碘化物的受限氧化还原反应，用于微咸水和海水的快速高效节能脱盐

法拉第去离子是一种低能耗的有前途的新型海水淡化技术。一个缺点是由于离子嵌入和插入过程的动力学有限而导致水生产率低。我们介绍了限制在碳纳米孔中用于电化学脱盐的碘化物的氧化还原活性。通过薄层电化学控制的无扩散氧化还原动力学，可以实现快速脱盐过程。设计了一个在NaI水溶液中具有活性炭布电极的电解池，该电解池通过阳离子交换膜与给水通道分离。结合活性炭对电极和阴离子交换膜，NaI中带有阳离子交换膜的半电池即使在2.5 A g ^-1的高电流下也能保持性能（21 mA cm ^-2）。碘化物的氧化还原活性可实现69 mg g ^-1的高脱盐能力（通过工作电极的质量归一化），并在120个循环中具有稳定的性能。此外，我们提供了一种新的分析方法，可以在单通流量条件下针对水的生产率和能耗进行独特的性能评估。我们的电池概念为低盐度和高盐度提供了灵活的性能，因此可以使微咸水或海水脱盐。特别地，我们发现用于海水淡化的能量消耗低（1.63 Wh L ^-1），而用于咸水的水生产率高（25 L m ^-2 h ^-1）。

更新日期：2018-08-22

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