Platinum is the most effective electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic solutions, but its high cost limits its wide application. Therefore, it is desirable to design catalysts that only require minimal amounts of Pt to function, but that are still highly active. Here we report hydrogen production in acidic water using a multicomponent catalyst with an ultralow Pt loading (1.4 μg per electrode area (cm²)) supported on melamine-derived graphitic tubes (GTs) that encapsulate a FeCo alloy and have Cu deposited on the inside tube walls. With a 1/80th Pt loading of a commercial 20% Pt/C catalyst, in 0.5 M H₂SO₄ the catalyst achieves a current density of 10 mA cm⁻² at an overpotential of 18 mV, and shows a turnover frequency of 7.22 s⁻¹ (96 times higher than that of the Pt/C catalyst) and long-term durability (10,000 cycles). We propose that a synergistic effect between the Pt clusters and single Pt atoms embedded in the GTs enhances the catalytic activity.

铂是在酸性溶液中发生氢分解反应的最有效的电催化剂，但其高成本限制了其广泛的应用。因此，期望设计仅需要最小量的Pt即可起作用但仍具有高活性的催化剂。在这里，我们报告了使用多组分催化剂在酸性水中产生氢气，该催化剂具有超低的Pt负载量（每个电极面积（cm ²）1.4μg），该催化剂负载在三聚氰胺衍生的石墨管（GTs）上，该石墨管封装了FeCo合金，并且Cu沉积在内部管壁。在商用20％Pt / C催化剂的第1/80 Pt负载下，在0.5 MH ₂ SO _4中，该催化剂的电流密度为10 mA cm ^-2在18mV的超电势下，显示出7.22 s ^-1的周转频率（比Pt / C催化剂的周转频率高96倍）和长期耐久性（10,000个循环）。我们建议，Pt簇和嵌入GTs中的单个Pt原子之间的协同效应可增强催化活性。