Abstract Forward osmosis (FO)-based water treatment and desalination processes have attracted increasing attention to address the global water crisis, but its practical application is restricted by the lack of FO membranes with high permeability and selectivity. In this work, an all nanocarbon-based FO membrane was successfully fabricated via constructing reduced graphene oxide (RGO) on a carbon nanotube (CNT) hollow fiber substrate via electrophoretic deposition coupling with chemical reduction processes. Due to the ultra-low friction and well-defined interlayer spacing, the RGO active layer provided high water permeability and ion selectivity. Meanwhile, the high porosity and good wettability ensured the CNT hollow fiber substrate with low internal concentration polarization, and thus increasing water flux. During against DI water feed using 0.5 M NaCl draw solution, the prepared RGO/CNT membrane presented an outstanding water flux of 22.6 LMH, which is 3.3 times higher than that of the commercial membrane. Meanwhile, its reverse salt flux was only 1.6 gMH in comparison to 2.2 gMH for the commercial membrane. These results indicate that the all nanocarbon-based membrane is an alternative membrane for providing clean water in the FO process.

中文翻译：

---

一种具有高正向渗透性能的新型还原氧化石墨烯/碳纳米管中空纤维膜

摘要 以正渗透（FO）为基础的水处理和海水淡化工艺在解决全球水危机方面受到越来越多的关注，但由于缺乏具有高渗透性和选择性的 FO 膜，其实际应用受到限制。在这项工作中，通过电泳沉积结合化学还原过程在碳纳米管 (CNT) 中空纤维基板上构建还原氧化石墨烯 (RGO)，成功制备了全纳米碳基 FO 膜。由于超低摩擦和明确定义的层间距，RGO 活性层提供了高透水性和离子选择性。同时，高孔隙率和良好的润湿性保证了碳纳米管中空纤维基材的低内浓差极化，从而提高了水通量。在使用 0. 在 5 M NaCl 溶液中，制备的 RGO/CNT 膜表现出优异的水通量为 22.6 LMH，是商业膜的 3.3 倍。同时，与商业膜的 2.2 gMH 相比，其反向盐通量仅为 1.6 gMH。这些结果表明，全纳米碳膜是在 FO 过程中提供清洁水的替代膜。