Wounding stress induces the biosynthesis of various specialized metabolites in plants. In this study, wounding induced the biosynthesis of luteolin, apigenin, and isoriccardin C, which are biosynthesized through the phenylpropanoid pathway, in the model liverwort Marchantia polymorpha L (Marchantiaceae). Recombinant M. polymorpha phenylalanine ammonia lyases (MpPALs) exhibited PAL activity in vitro and converted phenylalanine into trans-cinnamic acid. Based on semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis, the expression levels of the MpPAL genes were up-regulated after wounding. α-Aminooxy-β-phenylpropionic acid, a PAL inhibitor, suppressed the production of wounding-induced phenolic compounds, luteolin, apigenin, and isoriccardin C, in M. polymorpha. Thus, PAL is a committed step in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids in response to wounding in M. polymorpha. This study suggests that wound-induced specialized metabolites such as phenylpropanoids comprise a conserved defense system in land plants.

中文翻译：

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创伤应激诱导苯丙氨酸解氨酶，导致苯丙烷类化合物在模型地草中的积累

创伤应激诱导植物中各种特殊代谢物的生物合成。在这项研究中，伤口诱导了木犀草素、芹菜素和异山梨素 C 的生物合成，它们通过苯丙烷途径生物合成，在模型地葵 L (Marchantiaceae) 中。重组 M.polymorpha 苯丙氨酸解氨酶 (MpPALs) 在体外表现出 PAL 活性并将苯丙氨酸转化为反式肉桂酸。基于半定量RT-PCR分析，受伤后MpPAL基因的表达水平上调。α-氨基氧基-β-苯基丙酸是一种 PAL 抑制剂，可抑制多形木霉中创伤诱导的酚类化合物、木犀草素、芹菜素和异山梨素 C 的产生。因此，PAL 是苯丙烷生物合成中响应 M. 多形。这项研究表明，伤口诱导的特殊代谢物（如苯丙烷）在陆地植物中构成了一个保守的防御系统。