Algae contamination has been observed on high-voltage direct current transmission (HVDC) polymeric insulators in tropical and subtropical areas, and this has an impact on the outdoor insulation performance. In this paper, the antibiotic 4,5-dicholoro-2-octyl-2H-isothiazolone-one (DCOIT) was chosen to be loaded onto the porous silica aerogel through sol-gel and dip-molding methods; the nanocomposites were mixed with base silicone rubber to prepare the antibiotic polymeric insulator. The algae inhibition properties of the insulators were characterized by the damaged membrane rate, photosynthesis rate (SAT) and chlorophyll-a density (Chl) of the algae cells. The results showed that the antibiotic insulators were free from algae colonization and that the extermination process could be completed within 21 days. During the antibiotic treatment process, the specimen surface stayed hydrophobic because of the water repellent property of nano silica. Meanwhile, due to its excellent dispersibility and electrical resistivity, the volume conductivity and surface conductivity were slightly increased in the initial period within insulation margins. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) of antibiotic-containing insulators was carried out, and the intermediate products in the treatment process were verified. After algae apoptosis, the functional group on the silicone rubber was returned to its initial condition before algae colonization. After application on-site for 1 year, the antibiotic-loaded insulators retained antibiological properties without algae spots upon their surfaces.

在热带和亚热带地区的高压直流输电（HVDC）聚合物绝缘子上已观察到藻类污染，这对室外绝缘性能产生影响。本文选择了4,5-二氯-2-辛基-2H-异噻唑酮一抗生素（DCOIT）通过溶胶-凝胶法和浸塑法将其加载到多孔二氧化硅气凝胶中。将纳米复合材料与基础硅橡胶混合以制备抗生素聚合物绝缘体。绝缘子的藻类抑制特性通过破坏藻类细胞的膜速率，光合作用速率（SAT）和叶绿素a密度（Chl）来表征。结果表明，抗生素绝缘体没有藻类定植，灭绝过程可在21天内完成。在抗生素治疗过程中，由于纳米二氧化硅的疏水性，样品表面保持疏水性。同时，由于其优异的分散性和电阻率，其体积电导率和表面电导率在初期在绝缘范围内略有增加。对含抗生素的绝缘子进行了衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR），并验证了处理过程中的中间产物。藻类细胞凋亡后，硅藻橡胶上的官能团恢复到藻类定居之前的初始状态。在现场使用1年后，装有抗生素的绝缘体保持了抗微生物特性，表面上没有藻斑。