Sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) is a bioactive sphingolipid in blood plasma that is metabolized from the hydrolysis of the membrane sphingolipid. SPC maintains low levels in the circulation under normal conditions, which makes studying its origin and action difficult. In recent years, however, it has been revealed that SPC may act as a first messenger through G protein-coupled receptors (S1P_1-5, GPR12) or membrane lipid rafts, or as a second messenger mediating intracellular Ca²⁺ release in diverse human organ systems. SPC is a constituent of lipoproteins, and the activation of platelets promotes the release of SPC into blood, both implying a certain effect of SPC in modulating the pathological process of the heart and vessels. A line of evidence indeed confirms that SPC exerts a pronounced influence on the cardiovascular system through modulation of the functions of myocytes, vein endothelial cells, as well as vascular smooth muscle cells. In this review we summarize the current knowledge of the potential roles of SPC in the development of cardiovascular diseases and discuss the possible underlying mechanisms.

中文翻译：

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鞘氨醇磷酸胆碱在调节心血管功能和疾病中的新兴作用。

鞘氨醇磷酸胆碱（SPC）是血浆中的一种生物活性鞘脂，它是通过膜鞘脂的水解而代谢的。在正常情况下，SPC在循环中保持较低的水平，这使得对其起源和作用的研究变得困难。然而，近年来发现，SPC可能通过G蛋白偶联受体（S1P _1-5，GPR12）或膜脂筏充当第一信使，或充当介导细胞内Ca ²⁺的第二信使。在多种人体器官系统中释放。SPC是脂蛋白的组成部分，血小板的活化促进SPC向血液中的释放，这都暗示SPC在调节心脏和血管的病理过程中具有一定的作用。确实有证据表明，SPC通过调节心肌细胞，静脉内皮细胞以及血管平滑肌细胞的功能，对心血管系统产生了显着影响。在这篇综述中，我们总结了SPC在心血管疾病发展中潜在作用的最新知识，并讨论了潜在的潜在机制。