Abstract The appropriate system is needed to produce a scalable and economically viable renewable energy from biomass. The objective of this study is to improve the quality of bio-oil, in terms of Organic Liquid Product (OLP), water content, acidity, favourable fractions, as well as gasoline-range chemicals. The influence of a staged layered catalyst system consists of a mesoporous catalyst, Al-MCM-41, and a microporous catalyst, HZSM-5, on the bio-oil quality was investigated. Additionally, the effect of reaction temperatures in the range of 400–600 °C with the optimum staged catalyst system on the catalytic pyrolysis product was analysed. The experiments of lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis were performed using a fixed bed reactor equipped with oil condensers and a gas collection sample bag. The quality of bio-oil produced from the thermal pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass, catalytic pyrolysis with single catalysts, catalytic pyrolysis with the staged catalyst system, as well as catalytic pyrolysis with mixed catalyst system was studied. The results show that Al-MCM-41 with HZSM-5 in the staged catalyst system enhanced the production of favourable compounds: hydrocarbons, phenols, furans, and alcohols. The favourable compounds yield that boosted 5.25–6.43% of that with single HZSM-5 catalyst was produced with HZSM-5:Al-MCM-41 mass ratio of 3:1 and 7:1. The pyrolysis and catalysis temperature of 500 °C with HZSM-5:Al-MCM-41 ratio of 3:1 obtained the optimum quality of bio-oil with 11.08 wt.% of OLP, 76.20% of favourable fractions, 41.97 wt.% of water content, low TAN of 43.01 mg-KOH/g, high deoxygenation, as well as high gasoline-range production of 97.89%.

中文翻译：

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木质纤维素的两级异位催化热解用于生产汽油系列化学品

摘要 需要合适的系统来从生物质生产可扩展且经济可行的可再生能源。本研究的目的是在有机液体产品 (OLP)、水含量、酸度、有利馏分以及汽油范围内的化学品方面提高生物油的质量。研究了由介孔催化剂 Al-MCM-41 和微孔催化剂 HZSM-5 组成的分级分层催化剂体系对生物油质量的影响。此外，分析了在 400-600°C 范围内使用最佳分级催化剂体系的反应温度对催化热解产物的影响。木质纤维素生物质热解和催化热解实验使用配备有油冷凝器和气体收集样品袋的固定床反应器进行。研究了木质纤维素生物质热裂解、单催化剂催化裂解、分级催化裂解以及混合催化裂解制备的生物油的质量。结果表明，Al-MCM-41 与 HZSM-5 在分级催化剂体系中提高了有利化合物的产量：烃、酚、呋喃和醇。在 HZSM-5:Al-MCM-41 质量比为 3:1 和 7:1 的情况下，有利的化合物产率提高了 5.25-6.43% 的单一 HZSM-5 催化剂。HZSM-5:Al-MCM-41比例为3:1的热解和催化温度为500°C，获得了最佳质量的生物油，其中OLP为11.08 wt.%，有利馏分76.20%，41.97 wt.%含水量，43.01 mg-KOH/g 的低 TAN，高脱氧，