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Enhanced nitrate removal and high selectivity towards dinitrogen for groundwater remediation using biochar-supported nano zero-valent iron
Chemical Engineering Journal ( IF 15.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-07-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2018.07.127
Anlei Wei , Jing Ma , Jingjing Chen , Yan Zhang , Jinxi Song , Xiangyang Yu

We prepared nano zero-valent iron/biochar composites (nZVI/BC) to remove nitrate from groundwater with harmless products. Results show nZVI/BCs derived from different mass ratios of Fe(0) to biochar exhibited different nitrate removal efficiencies, and the mass ratio of 1:2 developed the nZVI/BC with optimum nitrate removal. The nZVI/BC maintained preferable nitrate removal (75.0%–97.0%) over a wide pH range 2–12. Nitrate removal amount declined due to serious corrosion and clogging of nZVI/BC’s surface when initial nitrate concentration exceeded 40 mg/L. The nitrate removal process followed a first-order kinetic reaction. As regards real groundwater, the nZVI/BC removed more nitrate than both pure Fe(0) nanoparticles and biochar. Reaction product analysis revealed 60.1% of removed nitrate selectively became dinitrogen. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements suggested that nitrate-oxidized Fe(0) resulted in significant increase of magnetite on the surface of nZVI/BC. The redox potential and pH of long duration in reaction changed around −210 mV and 8–9, respectively. These changes facilitated the selective reduction of nitrate to dinitrogen. We also proposed that biochar may provide favorable circumstances for nitrate reduction by directly mediating redox potential, pH and electron transfer, which establishes a possible mechanism for the enhanced removal and selective reduction of nitrate. Our study suggests that nZVI/BC would be a promising alternative for the remediation of nitrate-contaminated groundwater.



中文翻译:

使用生物炭负载的纳米零价铁提高硝酸盐去除率和对氮的高选择性以修复地下水

我们准备了纳米零价铁/生物炭复合材料(nZVI / BC),以去除无害产品中地下水中的硝酸盐。结果表明,不同质量比的Fe(0)与生物炭的nZVI / BCs表现出不同的硝酸盐去除效率,而质量比为1:2的nZVI / BCs具有最佳的硝酸盐去除率。nZVI / BC在较大的pH范围2–12内保持较好的硝酸盐去除率(75.0%–97.0%)。当初始硝酸盐浓度超过40 mg / L时,由于严重腐蚀和nZVI / BC表面的堵塞,硝酸盐去除量下降。硝酸盐去除过程遵循一级动力学反应。关于真正的地下水,nZVI / BC去除的硝酸盐比纯Fe(0)纳米颗粒和生物炭都多。反应产物分析表明,除去的硝酸盐中有60.1%选择性地变成了二氮。X射线光电子能谱测量表明,硝酸盐氧化的Fe(0)导致nZVI / BC表面磁铁矿的显着增加。反应长时间的氧化还原电位和pH分别在-210 mV和8–9附近变化。这些变化有助于将硝酸盐选择性还原为二氮。我们还提出,生物炭可以通过直接介导氧化还原电势,pH和电子转移为硝酸盐还原提供有利的环境,这为增强硝酸盐的去除和选择性还原建立了可能的机制。我们的研究表明,nZVI / BC将是修复硝酸盐污染的地下水的有前途的替代方法。反应长时间的氧化还原电位和pH分别在-210 mV和8–9附近变化。这些变化有助于将硝酸盐选择性还原为二氮。我们还提出,生物炭可以通过直接介导氧化还原电势,pH和电子转移为硝酸盐的还原提供有利的环境,这为增强硝酸盐的去除和选择性还原建立了可能的机制。我们的研究表明,nZVI / BC将是修复硝酸盐污染的地下水的有前途的替代方法。反应长时间的氧化还原电位和pH分别在-210 mV和8–9附近变化。这些变化有助于将硝酸盐选择性还原为二氮。我们还提出,生物炭可以通过直接介导氧化还原电势,pH和电子转移为硝酸盐还原提供有利的环境,这为增强硝酸盐的去除和选择性还原建立了可能的机制。我们的研究表明,nZVI / BC将是修复硝酸盐污染的地下水的有前途的替代方法。pH和电子转移,为增强硝酸盐的去除和选择性还原建立了可能的机制。我们的研究表明,nZVI / BC将是修复硝酸盐污染的地下水的有前途的替代方法。pH和电子转移,为增强硝酸盐的去除和选择性还原建立了可能的机制。我们的研究表明,nZVI / BC将是修复硝酸盐污染的地下水的有前途的替代方法。

更新日期:2018-07-20
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