Abstract Recently, Nanotechnology has made easier utilizing plant pathogens as a potential nanomaterial in biomedical applications. In this research work, we have exploited a devastating plant pathogenic virus of Squash leaf curl China virus (SLCCNV), as a nano-bio template (32 nm) to fabricate the gold and silver nanomaterials. This is achieved through the direct exposure of SLCCNV to gold chloride (HAuCl4) and silver nitrate (AgNO3) precursors at sunlight, resulted into SLCCNV-metallic-hybrid nanomaterials which are synthesized quick (∼5 min) and eco-friendly. However, virus hybrid nanomaterials are fabricated through the nucleation and growth of metal precursors over the pH-activated capsid of SLCCNV. Under the controlled fabrication process, it produced a highly arrayed virus-metallic-hybrid nanomaterial at nanoscale size limit. Its properties are thoroughly studied through spectroscopic techniques (UV–Vis, DLS, Raman) and electron microscopy (HRTEM & FESEM). In a follow-up study of cytotoxicity assay, the virus and its fabricated nanomaterials show better biocompatibility features even at high concentrations. Finally, the electrical conductivities of virus-metallic-hybrid nanomaterials (Au & Ag) are determined by simple “lab on a chip” system and Keithley's pico-ammeter. The result of electrical conductivity measurement revealed that hybrid nanomaterials have greater electrical conductive properties within the band-gap of semi-conductive materials. It is truly remarkable that a plant virus associated metal nanomaterials can be efficiently used as bio-semi-conductors which are the ideal one for biomedical applications.

中文翻译：

---

病毒金属杂化纳米材料的制备：生物半导体的理想参考

摘要 最近，纳米技术使植物病原体在生物医学应用中作为潜在纳米材料的利用变得更加容易。在这项研究工作中，我们利用一种破坏性植物病原性南瓜病毒（SLCCNV）作为纳米生物模板（32 nm）来制造金和银纳米材料。这是通过在阳光下将 SLCCNV 直接暴露于氯化金 (HAuCl4) 和硝酸银 (AgNO3) 前体来实现的，从而形成 SLCCNV 金属杂化纳米材料，该材料合成快速（约 5 分钟）且对环境友好。然而，病毒杂化纳米材料是通过金属前体在 SLCCNV 的 pH 激活衣壳上的成核和生长来制造的。在受控的制造过程中，它以纳米级尺寸限制了高度排列的病毒-金属-杂化纳米材料。通过光谱技术（UV-Vis、DLS、拉曼）和电子显微镜（HRTEM 和 FESEM）对其特性进行了深入研究。在细胞毒性试验的后续研究中，病毒及其制备的纳米材料即使在高浓度下也显示出更好的生物相容性特征。最后，病毒-金属-杂化纳米材料（金和银）的电导率由简单的“芯片实验室”系统和吉时利的皮安表确定。电导率测量结果表明，混合纳米材料在半导体材料的带隙内具有更大的导电性能。植物病毒相关的金属纳米材料可以有效地用作生物半导体，这是生物医学应用的理想材料，这确实令人瞩目。