DNA devices have been shown to be capable of evaluating Boolean logic. Several robust designs for DNA circuits have been demonstrated. Some prior DNA‐based circuits are use‐once circuits since the gate motifs of the DNA circuits get permanently destroyed as a side effect of the computation, and hence cannot respond correctly to subsequent changes in inputs. Other DNA‐based circuits use a large reservoir of buffered gates to replace the working gates of the circuit and can be used to drive a finite number of computation cycles. In many applications of DNA circuits, the inputs are inherently asynchronous, and this necessitates that the DNA circuits be asynchronous: the output must always be correct regardless of differences in the arrival time of inputs. This paper demonstrates: 1) renewable DNA circuits, which can be manually reverted to their original state by addition of DNA strands, and 2) time‐responsive DNA circuits, where if the inputs change over time, the DNA circuit can recompute the output correctly based on the new inputs, that are manually added after the system has been reset. The properties of renewable, asynchronous, and time‐responsiveness appear to be central to molecular‐scale systems; for example, self‐regulation in cellular organisms.

中文翻译：

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可更新的时间响应DNA电路

DNA设备已被证明能够评估布尔逻辑。已经证明了几种用于DNA电路的稳健设计。一些先前的基于DNA的电路是一次使用的电路，因为DNA电路的门图案作为计算的副作用而被永久破坏，因此无法正确响应随后的输入变化。其他基于DNA的电路使用大量的缓冲门来代替电路的工作门，并可用于驱动有限数量的计算周期。在DNA电路的许多应用中，输入固有地是异步的，这就需要DNA电路是异步的：无论输入的到达时间如何，输出都必须始终正确。本文演示：1）可再生DNA电路，可以通过添加DNA链手动将其恢复为原始状态，以及2）时间响应性DNA电路，如果输入随时间变化，则DNA电路可以根据手动添加的新输入正确地重新计算输出系统重置后。可再生，异步和时间响应的属性似乎对分子规模系统至关重要。例如，细胞生物体中的自我调节。