The irrational use of antibiotics in agriculture and in the medical field has led to a variety of pathogenic microorganisms that produce drug resistance and even multidrug resistance. B-lactam is one of the most widely used antibiotics to treat infectious diseases. Resistance to β-lactam resistance can be primarily due to the presence β-lactamase, mutation of β-lactam targets and overexpression of efflux pumps. Two-component regulatory systems are composed of histidine kinase and response regulator that regulate gene expression under different environmental conditions. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms by which β-lactam resistance is developed and the role of the two-component regulatory system in β-lactam resistance.

抗生素在农业和医学领域的不合理使用已导致产生致病性甚至多重耐药性的多种病原微生物。B-内酰胺是治疗传染病最广泛使用的抗生素之一。对β-内酰胺的抗药性主要归因于β-内酰胺酶的存在，β-内酰胺靶的突变和外排泵的过表达。二组分调节系统由组氨酸激酶和响应调节剂组成，它们在不同的环境条件下调节基因表达。在这篇综述中，我们总结了开发β-内酰胺抗性的机制以及两组分调节系统在β-内酰胺抗性中的作用。