Abstract Thermal cloaks can thermally hide an object without disturbing background thermal field. The coordinate transformation method for designing conventional thermal cloaks face some challenges that the physical properties of metamaterials are required to be anisotropic and inhomogeneous. Furthermore, the coordinate transformation is not applicable for complex geometrical conditions. In this study, a proactive thermal cloak is proposed. The cloak contains two concentric annular zones: one with high thermal conductivity and another with adaptive heat source. The cloaked zone is surrounded by the high thermal conductivity zone. The high thermal conductivity zone keeps the object in the cloaked zone from thermally being affected by outside zones. The heat source zone adjusts the background thermal field without any distortion. The thermal cloak with an analytical heat source distribution is presented for the 2D and 3D background thermal fields with uniform gradient. The adaptive heat source in the thermal cloak is designed by inverse problem theory of a numerical method for the 2D arbitrary background thermal field. This proactive thermal cloak can avoid the issue of anisotropic physical properties for the conventional thermal cloak designed with coordinate transformation method. The heat source thermal cloak with relatively easy implementation can manipulate temperature field proactively without contact. This thermal cloak is applicable for arbitrary background thermal fields and complex geometrical conditions by a numerical design approach. The proposed thermal cloak opens a new strategy to manipulate the thermal field with adaptive heat source.

中文翻译：

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具有自适应热源的热斗篷可主动操纵热传导过程中的温度场

摘要 热斗篷可以在不干扰背景热场的情况下对物体进行热隐藏。用于设计常规热斗篷的坐标变换方法面临一些挑战，即要求超材料的物理性质具有各向异性和非均匀性。此外，坐标变换不适用于复杂的几何条件。在这项研究中，提出了一种主动热斗篷。斗篷包含两个同心环形区域：一个具有高导热性，另一个具有自适应热源。隐形区被高导热区包围。高导热区可防止隐形区中的物体受到外部区域的热影响。热源区调整背景热场，无任何失真。针对具有均匀梯度的 2D 和 3D 背景热场，展示了具有分析热源分布的热斗篷。利用二维任意背景热场数值方法的逆问题理论设计了热斗篷中的自适应热源。这种主动式热斗篷可以避免传统热斗篷采用坐标变换方法设计的各向异性物理特性问题。实现相对容易的热源热斗篷可以无接触地主动操纵温度场。这种热斗篷通过数值设计方法适用于任意背景热场和复杂的几何条件。所提出的热斗篷开辟了一种利用自适应热源操纵热场的新策略。