The environmental impact of timber production from poplar plantation was evaluated by means of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) using an attributional approach. A comparison was performed between a baseline scenario and an alternative one in which different harvesting operations were identified. An economic allocation was adopted to solve the multi-functionality of the studied process, by taking into account the price of the main product and of co-products. Sensitivity analysis was performed on alternative mass allocation and yield variations that derive from using high sustainability plants or from climate stress. A different characterization method was also analyzed.

Among the different field operations, crop management involves a higher impact respect to field preparation-planting and harvesting-soil restoring. Emissions related to fertilizers' applications are the main responsible for acidification, eutrophications and particular matter formation. The results show that the modelling of the environmental impact of timber production is robust. The alternative scenario resulted better than baseline for all impact categories (impact reduction ranging from 0.1% to 12.4%), except for HT-noc (+12.2%) and POF (+20.6%), due to fuel and oil consumption in the chainsaw used for harvesting.

In the next years, introducing high-sustainability clones (characterized by higher yield and higher resistance to pests and drought) could be an effective way for reducing the environmental impact of poplar roundwood production.

杨树人工林生产木材对环境的影响通过生命周期评估（LCA）进行归因评估。在基准情景与另一种情景之间进行了比较，在另一种情景中确定了不同的采伐作业。通过考虑主要产品和副产品的价格，采用经济分配来解决研究过程的多功能性。对使用高可持续性植物或气候胁迫产生的替代质量分配和产量变化进行了敏感性分析。还分析了不同的表征方法。

在不同的田间作业中，作物管理对田间准备－种植和收割－土壤恢复的影响更大。与肥料使用相关的排放是造成酸化，富营养化和特定物质形成的主要原因。结果表明，木材生产对环境影响的建模是可靠的。由于油锯中的燃油和机油消耗，除了HT-noc（+ 12.2％）和POF（+ 20.6％）以外，所有影响类别的替代方案的结果都优于基线（影响减少范围为0.1％至12.4％）。用于收获。

在接下来的几年中，引入高可持续性克隆（以更高的产量和更高的抗病虫性和干旱性为特征）可能是减少杨木圆木生产对环境影响的有效方法。