Abstract We present a new method for atmospheric correction of remote Visible Shortwave Infrared (VSWIR) imaging spectroscopy. Our approach fits a combined model of atmospheric scattering, absorption, and surface reflectance across the solar reflected interval from 380 to 2500 nm. This can estimate spectrally-broad atmospheric perturbations such as aerosol effects that are difficult to retrieve with narrow spectral windows. A probabilistic formulation from Optimal Estimation inversion theory accounts for uncertainties in model parameters and measurement noise. This paper presents a field experiment using NASA's Next Generation Visible/Near Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS-NG) with analysis of retrieval accuracy and information content. The inversion outperforms traditional approaches, achieving mean reflectance accuracy of 1.0% on diverse validation surfaces. Predicted posterior distributions fully explain the observed discrepancies, demonstrating the first closed uncertainty budget for VSWIR imaging spectrometer atmospheric correction. This shows the potential of combined surface/atmosphere fitting to advance the accuracy and statistical rigor of remote reflectance measurements.

中文翻译：

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成像光谱仪大气校正的最优估计

摘要 我们提出了一种新的遥感可见短波红外（VSWIR）成像光谱大气校正方法。我们的方法适合在 380 到 2500 nm 的太阳反射区间内的大气散射、吸收和表面反射率的组合模型。这可以估计光谱范围广泛的大气扰动，例如使用窄光谱窗口难以检索的气溶胶效应。来自最优估计反演理论的概率公式解释了模型参数和测量噪声的不确定性。本文介绍了使用 NASA 的下一代可见光/近红外成像光谱仪 (AVIRIS-NG) 进行的现场实验，分析了检索精度和信息内容。反演优于传统方法，实现了 1 的平均反射率精度。0% 在不同的验证表面上。预测的后验分布完全解释了观察到的差异，证明了 VSWIR 成像光谱仪大气校正的第一个封闭不确定性预算。这显示了组合地表/大气拟合在提高远程反射测量的准确性和统计严谨性方面的潜力。