Increasing demand for timely and accurate environmental pollution monitoring and control requires new sensing techniques with outstanding performance, i.e., high sensitivity, high selectivity, and reliability. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), also known as porous coordination polymers, are a fascinating class of highly ordered crystalline coordination polymers formed by the coordination of metal ions/clusters and organic bridging linkers/ligands. Owing to their unique structures and properties, i.e., high surface area, tailorable pore size, high density of active sites, and high catalytic activity, various MOF-based sensing platforms have been reported for environmental contaminant detection including anions, heavy metal ions, organic compounds, and gases. In this review, recent progress in MOF-based environmental sensors is introduced with a focus on optical, electrochemical, and field-effect transistor sensors. The sensors have shown unique and promising performance in water and gas contaminant sensing. Moreover, by incorporation with other functional materials, MOF-based composites can greatly improve the sensor performance. The current limitations and future directions of MOF-based sensors are also discussed.

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对及时，准确的环境污染监测和控制的需求不断增长，需要具有出色性能（即高灵敏度，高选择性和可靠性）的新型传感技术。金属有机骨架（MOF），也称为多孔配位聚合物，是由金属离子/团簇和有机桥键/配体的配位形成的一类引人入胜的高序晶体配位聚合物。由于其独特的结构和特性，即高表面积，可定制的孔径，高活性位密度和高催化活性，已报道了各种基于MOF的传感平台，可用于环境污染物检测，包括阴离子，重金属离子，有机物。化合物和气体。在这篇评论中，介绍了基于MOF的环境传感器的最新进展，重点是光学，电化学和场效应晶体管传感器。这些传感器在水和气体污染物感测中显示出独特而有前途的性能。此外，通过与其他功能材料结合，基于MOF的复合材料可以大大提高传感器性能。还讨论了基于MOF的传感器的当前局限性和未来发展方向。

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