Abstract This paper investigates different criteria for the design of multi-unit renewable energy (RES) auctions in small markets. The multi-technology RES auctions which are to be implemented in Denmark in 2018 serve as an exemplary case for the assessment. Focus of the analysis is how setting the auction schedule and the auctioned volume per round impacts the auction outcomes, accounting for the particular challenges of small markets. Agent-based modelling of the Danish auctions scheme demonstrates that the Danish RES market provides sufficient competition to auction higher volumes and follow more ambitious expansion goals. Furthermore, with a fixed budget, it is more effective in terms of deployment achieved, to hold fewer auctions with a larger volume. A flexibility mechanism that allows up to 50% of the auction volume to be shifted between auction rounds to accommodate potential large-scale marginal bidders, proves to be a useful tool to increase deployment rates, without negatively affecting bid prices. Furthermore it was shown that at current cost levels, only onshore bidders would be awarded in the envisaged multi-technology scheme. Also, large-scale and multi-project bidders are likely to be most cost competitive - indicating that further measures to maintain diversity could be useful.

中文翻译：

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设计丹麦多技术拍卖方案的小型市场多单元可再生能源拍卖

摘要 本文研究了在小市场中设计多单位可再生能源 (RES) 拍卖的不同标准。将于 2018 年在丹麦实施的多技术可再生能源拍卖是评估的典型案例。分析的重点是设置拍卖时间表和每轮拍卖量如何影响拍卖结果，说明小市场的特殊挑战。丹麦拍卖计划的基于代理的建模表明，丹麦 RES 市场提供了足够的竞争来拍卖更高的数量并遵循更雄心勃勃的扩张目标。此外，在固定预算的情况下，在实现的部署方面更有效，以更大的数量举行更少的拍卖。灵活机制允许在拍卖轮次之间转移多达 50% 的拍卖量以适应潜在的大规模边际投标人，被证明是提高部署率的有用工具，而不会对投标价格产生负面影响。此外，结果表明，在当前的成本水平下，在设想的多技术方案中，只有陆上投标人才能获得奖励。此外，大规模和多项目投标人可能最具成本竞争力——表明进一步采取措施保持多样性可能是有用的。