Abstract Since a new policy supporting rooftop photovoltaics (PV) will be launched in Thailand, this study investigates the economics of utility customers' investments in rooftop PV (values of bill savings) for four customer groups (residential scale, small general service, medium general service and large general service) across electricity tariffs, PV-to-load ratios and compensation schemes (net metering and net billing). The values of the bill savings of all groups are higher under the conditions of higher buyback rates/credit, lower PV-to-load ratios, and higher retail rates. Under the current retail rate design, the values of the bill savings of residential and small general service groups are slightly higher than those of medium and large general service groups, since there are demand charges for the latter two groups that cannot be completely avoided using rooftop PV. Load shapes do not significantly impact the values of the bill savings for all customer groups. Additionally, net metering causes a smaller variation in bill savings as compared to net billing, implying more flexibility for the customers to size their PV systems over a broader range. In contrast, net billing would encourage customers to limit their PV sizes, thereby mitigating the concerns of the utilities.

中文翻译：

---

泰国屋顶光伏客户的账单节省分析及政策启示

摘要 由于泰国将推出一项支持屋顶光伏 (PV) 的新政策，本研究调查了公用事业客户对四个客户群 (住宅规模、小型一般服务、中型一般客户) 的屋顶光伏投资的经济性（账单节省价值）。服务和大型一般服务）跨越电价、光伏负载比和补偿方案（净计量和净计费）。在较高的回购率/信用、较低的光伏负载比和较高的零售率的条件下，所有组的账单节省值都较高。在目前的零售费率设计下，住宅和小型一般服务群体的账单节省值略高于中型和大型一般服务群体，因为使用屋顶光伏无法完全避免后两组的需求费用。负载形状不会显着影响所有客户群的账单节省值。此外，与净计费相比，净计量导致的账单节省变化更小，这意味着客户可以更灵活地在更广泛的范围内调整其光伏系统的规模。相比之下，净计费将鼓励客户限制其光伏规模，从而减轻公用事业的担忧。