In this study, the performance of a living machine (LM) system was evaluated for use in the treatment of black water collected from septic tanks with hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 6, 5, and 4 days. We found that the HRT had little effect on the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD). However, the removal rates of total nitrogen (TN) and ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) decreased with the reduction of HRT, whereas the removal efficiency of total phosphate (TP) was consistently low because of the long sludge retention time. The working conditions of #1 achieved the highest removal efficiency of COD (85%), NH₄⁺-N (75%), and TN (47%), although the removal efficiency of TP (11%) was slightly lower than that of #2 (12%). The microbial communities in each tank of the LM system were characterized by high-throughput sequencing, which showed that the LM system successfully created more favorable conditions for fermentative bacteria than traditional systems, with relative abundances of 13% (#1), 13% (#2), and 15% (#3) compared to that of the anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A²O) system (<3%). Smithella was the dominant fermentative bacteria, accounting for 9% (#1), 7% (#2), and 10% (#3) of total bacteria in the LM system. The relative abundances of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) (12%) and anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) (7%) in the LM system were much higher than that in the A²O system. Overall, the LM system offered a more sustainable and economical solution for treating black water.

在这项研究中，对生活机械（LM）系统的性能进行了评估，以处理从化粪池收集的黑水，其水力停留时间（HRT）为6、5和4天。我们发现HRT对化学需氧量（COD）的去除效率影响很小。但是，总氮（TN）和铵态氮（NH ₄ ⁺ -N）的去除率随着HRT的降低而降低，而总磷（TP）的去除效率却一直很低，这是因为污泥保留时间长。＃1的工作条件实现了最高的COD（85％），NH ₄ ⁺去除率-N（75％）和TN（47％），尽管TP（11％）的去除效率略低于＃2（12％）。LM系统每个储罐中的微生物群落都具有高通量测序的特征，这表明LM系统成功地为发酵细菌创造了比传统系统更有利的条件，相对丰度分别为13％（＃1），13％（ ＃2）和15％（＃3）相较于厌氧/缺氧/有氧（A ² O）系统（<3％）。Smithella是主要的发酵菌，在LM系统中占总数的9％（＃1），7％（＃2）和10％（＃3）。LM系统中氨氧化细菌（AOB）（12％）和厌氧铵氧化细菌（AnAOB）（7％）的相对丰度远高于A ^2。O系统。总体而言，LM系统为处理黑水提供了更可持续，更经济的解决方案。