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The role of the anode material and water matrix in the electrochemical oxidation of norfloxacin
Chemosphere ( IF 8.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-07-17 , DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.057
Salatiel W. da Silva , Emma M.O. Navarro , Marco A.S. Rodrigues , Andréa M. Bernardes , Valentín Pérez-Herranz

The roles of the anode material, boron-doped diamond (BDD), with different boron (B) and substrate Silicon (Si) or Niobium (Nb) content, and one dimensionally stable anode (DSA®), were evaluated in the oxidation of norfloxacin (NOR) by electrochemical advanced oxidation process (EAOP). The effect of other components in real wastewater on the performance of EAOP was also studied. The anode materials were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, regarding diamond quality, electro-generation of oxidants and NOR oxidation mechanism (direct and/or indirect). The results showed that the anode material influences on the NOR oxidation pathway, due to distinct characteristics of the substrate and the coating. Apparently, low difference in diamond-sp³/sp2-carbon ratio (Si/BDD100 × Si/BDD2500) does not leads to significant differences in the EAOP. On the other hand, the variation in the sp³/sp2 ratio seems to be higher when Si/BDD2500 and Nb/BDD2500 are compared, which would explain the best current efficiency result for Si substrate. However, the Nb substrate presented a similar current efficiency and a 60% lower energy consumption. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) present in the real wastewater affect the EAOP-Nb/BDD due to HO and persulfate ions scavenged. However, when supporting electrolyte was added to a real wastewater spiked with NOR, the NOR decay reaches similar values found to the synthetic one. Due to the energy saving and mechanical properties, Nb substrate presents some technological advantages in relation to Si, which can facilitate the application to industrial levels.



中文翻译:

阳极材料和水基质在诺氟沙星电化学氧化中的作用

阳极材料,掺硼金刚石的(BDD)的作用,用不同的硼(B)和基体硅(Si)或铌(Nb)的含量,和一个尺寸稳定的阳极(DSA ®),在氧化进行评价诺氟沙星(NOR)通过电化学高级氧化工艺(EAOP)。还研究了实际废水中其他成分对EAOP性能的影响。通过循环伏安法对阳极材料进行了表征,涉及金刚石质量,氧化剂的电生成和NOR氧化机理(直接和/或间接)。结果表明,由于基材和涂层的独特特性,负极材料会影响NOR氧化途径。显然,金刚石-sp³/ sp 2-碳比率的差异很小(Si / BDD 100 ×Si / BDD 2500)不会导致EAOP出现明显差异。另一方面,当比较Si / BDD 2500和Nb / BDD 2500时,sp³/ sp 2比的变化似乎更大,这可以解释Si衬底的最佳电流效率结果。但是,Nb基板具有相似的电流效率,并且能耗降低了60%。实际废水中存在的溶解有机物(DOM)由于HO而影响EAOP-Nb / BDD和过硫酸根离子被清除。但是,当将支持电解质添加到掺有NOR的实际废水中时,NOR衰减会达到与合成废水相似的值。由于节能和机械性能,Nb衬底相对于Si具有一些技术优势,可促进其在工业上的应用。

更新日期:2018-07-18
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