Abstract The Friction Stir Welding process parameters were varied to provide a combination of an acceptable surface finish, absence of cracks, and full tool penetration. Two levels of rotation speed and axial forces from 10 to 30 kN were applied, whilst keeping the welding speed constant at 1 mm/s. One of the defects analyzed was the production of flashes. This can occur due to an increase in axial force and because of the instability in its applications, which implies directly on the formation of volumetric defects along the stir zone. FSW joints without root flaws can be achieved through a correct balance between the axial force and rotation speed, which also allows a greater immersion of the tool probe in the joint. Both rotation speeds using an axial force of around 20 kN proved to be good welding parameters for the FSW process. The welding of the AISI 410S steel (under these conditions) resulted in joints without internal defects and with a good surface finish.

中文翻译：

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转速和轴向力对AISI 410S铁素体不锈钢搅拌摩擦焊的影响

摘要 摩擦搅拌焊接工艺参数是变化的，以提供可接受的表面光洁度、无裂纹和工具完全熔透的组合。施加两个级别的转速和 10 到 30 kN 的轴向力，同时保持焊接速度恒定在 1 mm/s。分析的缺陷之一是闪光的产生。这可能是由于轴向力的增加及其应用中的不稳定性而发生的，这直接意味着沿搅拌区形成体积缺陷。无根部缺陷的 FSW 接头可以通过轴向力和转速之间的正确平衡来实现，这也允许刀具探针更大地浸入接头中。使用大约 20 kN 轴向力的两种转速都证明是 FSW 工艺的良好焊接参数。