On-board emissions measurements were performed on a Handysize-class bulk carrier operating under real-world conditions. Emission factors (EFs) were determined for criteria pollutants such as NO_x, CO, total hydrocarbons (THC), and PM; PM composition, including organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC), inorganic species, and a variety of organic compounds and VOC species (including alkanes, alkenes, single-ring aromatics, and oxygenated VOCs) were also analyzed. To investigate the impacts of engine type, fuel, and operating conditions on emissions, measurements were conducted on one main and one auxiliary engines using low- and high-sulfur fuels (LSF and HSF) under actual operating conditions, including at-berth, maneuvering, and cruising at different engine loads. OC was the most abundant PM component (contributing 45–65%), followed by sulfate (2–15%) and EC (1–20%). Compounds with 3 or 4 aromatic rings, including phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, and benzo[b+k]fluoranthene, dominated the particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emitted from the ship, accounting for 69–89% of the total PAHs. Single-ring aromatics constituted 50–78% of the emitted VOCs and were dominated by toluene. In this study, switching from HSF (1.12% S) to LSF (0.38% S) reduced emitted PM by 12%, OC by 20%, sulfate by 71%, and particulate PAHs by 94%, but caused an increase in single-ring aromatics. The power-based EFs generally decreased with increasing engine loads. However, decreasing the ship engine load also reduced the vessel speed and, thus, decreased emissions over a given voyage distance. Herein, a Vessel Speed Reduction (VSR) from 11 to 8–9 knots decreased NO_x and PM emissions by approximately 33% and 36%, respectively, and OC, EC, sulfate, and particulate PAHs in PM emissions by 34%, 83%, 29%, and 11%. These data can be used to minimize uncertainty in the emission factors used in ship emissions calculations.

船上排放物的测量是在实际条件下运行的Handysize级散货船上进行的。确定了标准污染物（例如NO _x ，CO，总碳氢化合物（THC）和PM）的排放因子（EFs）；PM成分，包括有机碳和元素碳（OC和EC），无机物质以及各种有机化合物和VOC物质（包括烷烃，烯烃，单环芳族化合物和含氧VOCs）也进行了分析。为了研究发动机类型，燃料和工况对排放的影响，在包括泊位，操纵在内的实际工况下，对使用低硫和高硫燃料（LSF和HSF）的一台主发动机和一台辅助发动机进行了测量。 ，并在不同的发动机负载下巡航。OC是最丰富的PM成分（占45–65％），其次是硫酸盐（2–15％）和EC（1–20％）。具有3或4个芳环的化合物，包括菲，荧蒽，pyr和苯并[b + k]荧蒽，占船舶排放的多环芳烃颗粒（PAHs）的比例，占总PAHs的69-89％。单环芳烃占排放的VOC的50-78％，并以甲苯为主。在这项研究中，从HSF（1.12％S）切换到LSF（0.38％S），排放的PM降低了12％，OC降低了20％，硫酸盐降低了71％，颗粒PAHs降低了94％，但导致单环芳烃。基于动力的电动势通常随着发动机负载的增加而降低。但是，降低船用发动机负荷也会降低船速，从而在给定的航行距离内减少排放。这里，从11至8-9节的船只减速（VSR）降低NO _X由分别约为33％和36％，和PM排放，和OC，EC，硫酸根，和颗粒多环芳烃PM排放由34％，83 ％，29％和11％。这些数据可用于最大程度减少船舶排放计算中使用的排放因子的不确定性。