Abstract Nowadays, the reclamation of industrial waste acid characterized with low acid concentration and high metal ion content has attracted much attention. How to carry out effectively a separation between protons and metal ions becomes a top priority. In this report, a so-called proton permselective composite membrane was prepared specifically for waste acid reclamation by electrodialysis. Above all, a porous supporting membrane was prepared from polysulfone via classical wet phase inversion technology. Therein appropriate amount of sulfonated polysulfone (SPSF) was added to adjust its microstructure. Subsequently, a hydrophilic composite layer, such as Poly(ethylene imine) layer or Poly(vinyl alcohol) layer, was used to endow the proton permeability based on the unique transport mechanism of protons in which water molecules play an important role. ATR-FTIR and SEM were employed to monitor the changes in chemical composition and microstructure of as-prepared membranes, respectively. Furthermore, their electrodialytic transport properties, including electrical resistance, limiting current, water transport behaviors, proton permselectivity and anion-blocking ability, were investigated and compared with those of typical commercial cation-exchange membrane. As confirmed by series of electrochemical characterizations, as-prepared composite membranes, especially PVA-Series membranes, exhibited outstanding work performances and remarkable practical value in the acid recovery. At last, the ion substitution electrodialysis for waste acid reclamation in which typical composite membranes were assembled were also conducted to examine the process energy consumption, the concentration and purity of the produced acid.

中文翻译：

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质子选择性渗透复合膜的制备及其在离子置换电渗析废酸回收中的应用

摘要 目前，以酸浓度低、金属离子含量高为特征的工业废酸的回收利用备受关注。如何有效地进行质子与金属离子的分离成为当务之急。在本报告中，专门制备了一种所谓的质子选择性渗透复合膜，用于通过电渗析回收废酸。最重要的是，多孔支撑膜是由聚砜通过经典的湿相转化技术制备的。其中加入适量磺化聚砜（SPSF）以调整其微观结构。随后，亲水复合层，例如聚（乙烯亚胺）层或聚（乙烯醇）层，基于水分子在其中发挥重要作用的质子的独特传输机制，用于赋予质子渗透性。ATR-FTIR 和 SEM 分别用于监测所制备膜的化学成分和微观结构的变化。此外，研究了它们的电渗析传输特性，包括电阻、极限电流、水传输行为、质子渗透选择性和阴离子阻断能力，并与典型的商业阳离子交换膜进行了比较。一系列电化学表征证实，所制备的复合膜，尤其是PVA系列膜，在酸回收方面表现出优异的工作性能和显着的实用价值。最后，